Chapter 14 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Social Stratification?
A cultural invention designed to create boundaries around one or another imagined groups of people
What is social stratification categories?
- Gender
- Class
- Caste
- Race
- Ethnicity
- Nationalism
What is Gender?
A constructed concept that involves the categorization of people, objects, and events based upon sexual imagery and ways people are expected to behave as a result of that sexual imagery
What is gender stratification?
Involves using sexual imagery and beliefs to create and rank categories of people
What is class levels?
Refers to ranked groups within a hierarchically stratified society whose membership id defined primarily in terms of
- Wealth
- Occupation
- Other economic criteria
What is class?
Considered an achieved status because one can “earn” their class status via education and accumulation of wealth
What is class consciousness?
Occurs when members of a class recognize their common interests and develop solidarity
What is proletariat?
The working class
What is bourgeoisie?
The upper class
What is the “American Dream”?
The notion that any individual in the U.S. can pursue wealth, power, and prestige independent of “Old World” class restrictions
What is Caste system?
Ascribed economic category in a closed social stratification system
What are castes?
Are closed in that they prohibit individuals to move from one caste to another
What are dalits?
Lowest caste category in India in which individuals are viewed as “untouchables” and suffer massive prejudice, exploitation and subjugation as a result
What is race?
A constructed category of social stratification that is supposedly based on biological distinctions, have been found to be biological invalid
What is racism?
the systematic oppression of one or more socially defined “races” by another socially denied “race” justified by:
- the supposedly inherent biological superiority of the rulers
- the supposed inherent biological inferiority of those they rule
What id ethnicity?
represents a principle of social classification used to create groups of people commonly based on ancestry, origins, and connection to a particular geographical location and selected cultural feature such as:
-Language
Religion
Dress/clothing
What is ethnic groups?
Socio-cultural groups that are distinguished from one another on the basis of ethnicity
What are nations?
a group of people believed to share the same history, culture, language, and even physical substance
What is Nationality?
refers to a sense of identification with a loyalty to a nation-state
What is a nation-state?
are an imagined political units in which national identity and political territory coincide
What is nationalism?
Represents attempts made by government officials to instill into the citizens of a state a sense of nationality
What is nationalist thinking?
aims to create a political unit in which national identity and political territory coincide
What is transformatist hegemonies?
Define nationality so that it preserves the cultural domination of the ruling group, while including enough cultural features from subordinated groups to ensure their loyalty
What is ethnocide?
a deliberate attempt to destroy a culture, but keep people alive
