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Human Physiology > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What determiners how blood circulates?

A

blood vessels

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2
Q

What type of system to we have?

A

Closed system

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3
Q

What does the Cardiovascular Systemdo?

A

Transport of material: gases, nutrients, waste, communication, defense against pathogens, temperature homeostasis

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4
Q

Systemic circulation is determined by…

A

Dynamics of blood flow
Anatomy of circulatory system
Regulatory mechanisms that control heart and blood vessels

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5
Q

How does blood flow start?

A

right atrium to the right ventricle out to the pulmonary system…

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6
Q

All blood vessels have in common (except capillaries)..

A

smooth muscle, to contract

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7
Q

How is pressure created?

A

by contracting muscles is transferred to blood

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8
Q

Blood flows down…

A

a pressure gradient

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9
Q

If blood vessels dilate

A

blood pressure decreases

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10
Q

If blood vessels constrict

A

blood pressure increases

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11
Q

Greatest zone of pressure is found were?

A

Aorta or the heart

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12
Q

Once blood flows down it begins to lose energy due too…

A

friction

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13
Q

If resistance increases…..

A

flow decreases

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14
Q

If resistance decreases….

A

flow increases

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15
Q

There is an inverse proportional relationship between

A

pressure, flow and resistance

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16
Q

The longer the blood vessel

A

the more friction

17
Q

What function does pericardium serve?

A

a layer around your heart, in between the pericardium and your heart there is fluid, which is there to help reduce friction

18
Q

What two cells are important to the heart?

A

pacemaker cells, cardiomyocytes

19
Q

what is the function of pacemaker cells?

A

they depolarize

20
Q

What sends the signal to your heart?

A

intercalated disks

21
Q

Intercalated disks

A

Intercalated disks – separated one cardiomyocytes from another, communicate through electrical- gap junctions

22
Q

desmosomes

A

are anchors

23
Q

What brings a signal from the surface to the internal of the cell?

A

T-tubles

24
Q

What type of channel? (cardiomyocytes)

A

calcium (is important for creating ATP)

25
Q

Action potential in cardiac muscle cells? (cardiomyocyste)

A

Plato (calcium) Ca

26
Q

What ion is responsible for depolarization? (cardiomyocytes)

A

sodium (Na)

27
Q

What ion is responsible for repolarization? (cardiomyocytes)

A

potassium (K)

28
Q

What speeds up depolarization in pacemaker?

A

K

29
Q

How does your heartbeat start?

A

Pacemaker cells have to fire

30
Q

Two types of circulatory systems?

A

Pulmonary and Systemic system

31
Q

Pulmonary System

A

pick up oxygen and blood, dispose of carbon waste

32
Q

Systemic System

A

delivery nutrients and oxygen blood to all cells

Human Physiology (6 decks)

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