Chapter 14 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the diagnostic criteria for insomnia?
dissatisfaction with quality or amount of sleep
- difficulty falling asleep-
- difficulty maintaining sleep (frequent waking up)
- early morning waking
- in spite of adequate opportunities for sleep
- distress or dysfuction
How often does insomnia need to occur?
3 nights a week for 3 months
What are the comorbidities for insomnia?
Alvina Does Toss and turn
anxiety, depression, trauma related disorders
What is the diagnostic criteria for narcolepsy?
- repeated intense need to sleep, falling asleep or napping w/n the same day
- at least one of cataplexy a few times a month
- hypocretin deficiency- regulate sleep and energy
- rapid eye movement (REM) sleep less than 15 mins
How often does narcolepsy need to occur?
3x per week for 3 months
What is cataplexy?
- brief episodes of sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by sudden, strong emotions (laughing, fear, anger etc)
- spontaneous grimaces or global hypotonia
What is the diagnostic criteria for obstructive sleep apnea?
- polysomnography of at least 5 obstructive apneas or hypoapneas per hour of sleep with snoring, pauses of breathing or daytime fatigue
- or 15 episodes of apnea or hypoapnea per hour of sleep with no other symptoms
What is the etiology for obstructive sleep apnea?
- facial structure and amount of upper airway soft tissues
- overweight or obesity
What is the diagnostic criteria for circadian rhythm disorder?
- sleep disruption due to alteration of circadian system or a mismatch b/n the person’s rhythm and the requirements of social or work environment
- excessive sleepiness, insomnia or both
- distress or dysfunction
What is the etiology of circadian rhythm disorder?
- degeneration or decreased neuronal activity of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons (melatonin)
- decreased responsiveness of body internal clock to signals like sunlight and activity
- decreased exposure to bright light and structured social and physical activity during the day
- occur from shift work or jet lag
What is the 1st stage of the sleep cycle?
- entering sleep
- light
- 1-7 mins
What is the 2nd stage of the sleep cycle?
- light sleep
- heartbeat and breathing starts to slow down
- muscles start to relax
- 10-60 mins
What is the 3rd stage of the sleep cycle?
- deep sleep
- more slow and relaxed
- 20-40mins
What is the 4th stage of the sleep cycle?
- REM- increase brain activity, heart rate and BP
- dreams
- muscle paralyzed
- 10-60 mins
What is nightmare disorder?
frequent troubling dreams that are well remembered
what is non-rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorder?
sleep walking and sleep terrors
what is rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorder?
repeated periods of arousal during sleep with vocalization and/ or complex motor behaviors occurring during REM
what is restless leg syndrome?
frequent urge to move the legs, uncomfortable or unpleasant sensations during REM sleep
What are the implications for function for sleep disorders?
- performance may be affected in work, leisure, play, education, social participation due to daytime fatigue or excessive sleepiness
- cognitive skills: executive function, concentration, attention, emotional regulation
- self esteem and confidence
What are treatments for sleep disorders?
- focus on SLEEP HYGIENE
- short or long term use of meds
- CPAP for obstructive apnea
- surgical options for obstructive apnea
What are the OT implications for the sleep disorders?
SLEEP HYGIENE
- bedtime routine
- using bed for sex and sleep only
- avoid naps
- no exercise near bed
- room and temp is comfy
- minimize liquids at night
- meditation
- body positioning for comfort
- sun exposure
In the AOTA fact sheet what was the role in OT sleep disorders for children with Autism?
cognitive or behavioral therapy interventions or strategies to address sensory avoiding or sensory seeking behaviors
