Chapter 16 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the diagnostic criteria of ODD?
- pattern of angry irritable mood with argumentative, defiant or vindictive behavior
- angry/ irritable mood
- argumentative/ defiant disorder
- vindictiveness
- distress on individual and others
How long does ODD need to occur for?
6 months
What is the differential diagnosis for ODD?
Angry Demon
- ADHD
- Developmental disorder
What is the comorbidities for ODD?
Angry Demon
- ADHD
- Developmental disorder
What are the genetic/ behavioral etiology for ODD?
- reduced cortisol reactivity to stress
- reduced amygdala reactivity to negative stimuli
- altered seretonin and nonadrenaline neurotransmission
- abnormalities in amygdala and frontal cortex
What are the environmental etiology for ODD?
- prenatal maternal smoking, alcohol use or illness
- maternal stress and anxiety
- low birth weight
- early neonatal complications
- parental stress
- dysfunctional parents
- adoption
What is ODD a strong predictor of as an adult?
antisocial personality disorder
What is ODD a strong predictor of?
conduct disorder and depression
Is the prognosis worse of early onset?
yes
What are the implications for function of ODD?
- negatively affects fam, school, social, work performance
- difficulties in interpersonal skills and emotional regulation
- difficulty associating with - or + consequences
- decreased problem solving, attention, decision making
What is the treatment for ODD?
- develop skills in problem solving, flexibility, frustration tolerance
- interventions on social learning
- CBT, parent training, family therapy
What are the implications for OT for ODD?
- parent training
- behavioral interventions
- teach problem solving, decision making and train frustration tolerance and attention
- consistent with rules
What is the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder?
- persistent pattern of behavior w/ serious violations of rights of others or rules
- aggression to people and animals
- destruction of property
- deceitfulness or theft
- stays out late
- truant in school
- cause dysfunction
How often does it need to occur for conduct disorder?
3 episodes in 1 year
What are the comorbidities of conduct disorder?
SAIL
- Substance use disorder
- ADHD
- Intellectual disabilities
- Learning disabilities
What is the etiology of conduct disorder?
- Subtle neurological deficits like poor verbal abilities and inhibitory control
- Gray matter volume reductions in the areas that process socioemotional stimuli
- Family histories of antisocial behavior and either harsh or inconsistent parenting
- Adolescent form less severe
What is the prognosis of conduct disorder?
Poor with associated alcohol or substance abuse
With conduct disorder what do you have a high probabilty of developing in adulthood?
antisocial or borderline personality disorders and encountering financial and legal difficulties
What predicts a worse outcome with conduct disorder?
- Early onset
- high potential for violence and criminal behavior over time
- Worst with callous/unemotional traits
What is the treatment for conduct disorder?
- Preventive interventions attempted with early signs
- Parent training- positive child-parent interaction, consistency in discipline
- Behavioral interventions reinforcing prosocial behavior
What is the implication for function for conduct disorder?
- Negatively affects school, social, and work performance
- Difficulty in areas of interpersonal skills, emotional regulation
- Difficulty transitioning to adult roles- work & family life
- Can contribute to legal difficulties which further affect performance
What are the implications of OT for conduct disorder?
- Channel energy to more appropriate activities
- Reinforcement for acceptable behavior
- Consistent expectations
- Engagement in recreation- provide experience of success
- Opportunities for appropriate expression of emotion (movement, music, art, play; build self-concept)
- Anger management, coping strategies
- Parent training for the above
- Treatment of ADHD and other co-existing conditions
