Chapter 14: Leadership

Question 1

leader

Answer 1

someone who can influence others and who has managerial authority

Question 2

leadership

Answer 2

process of influencing individuals or groups toward the achievement of goals

Question 3

8 traits associated with leadership

Answer 3

• drive
• desire
• honesty and integrity
• self-confidence
• intelligence
• job-relevant knowledge
• extraversion
• proneness to guilt

Question 4

democratic style

Answer 4

involving subordinates, delegating authority, and encouraging participation
(most effective, but mixed results)

Question 5

autocratic style

Answer 5

dictating work methods, centralizing decision making, and limiting participation

Question 6

laissez-faire style

Answer 6

giving group freedom to make decisions and complete work

Question 7

consideration

Answer 7

being considerate of followers’ ideas and feelings

high in consideration and initiating achieved high subordinate performance and satisfaction

Question 8

initiating structure

Answer 8

structuring work and work relationships to meet job goals

Question 9

employee oriented

Answer 9

emphasizes interpersonal relationships and taking care of employees’ needs
(resulted in high group productivity and higher job satisfaction)

Question 10

production oriented

Answer 10

emphasizes technical or task aspects of job

Question 11

concern for people

Answer 11

measures leader’s concern for subordinates on a scale of 1 to 9 (low to high)
(leaders performed best with 9,9 style)

Question 12

concern for production

Answer 12

measures leader’s concern for getting job done on a scale of 1 to 9 (low to high)
(leaders performed best with 9,9 style)

Question 13

The Fiedler Model (TFM)

Answer 13

effective group performance depended on the proper match between a leader’s style and the degree to which the situation allowed the leader to control and influence

Question 14

LPC questionnaire (TFM)

Answer 14

measured whether a leader was task or relationship oriented

Question 15

leader–member relations (TFM)

Answer 15

degree of confidence, trust, and respect employees had for their leader; rated good or poor

Question 16

task structure (TFM)

Answer 16

degree to which job assignments were formalized and structured; rated high or low

Question 17

position power (TFM)

Answer 17

degree of influence a leader had over activities: hiring, firing, discipline, promotions, and salary increases; rated strong or weak

Question 18

situational leadership theory (SLT)

Answer 18

focuses on followers’ readiness

Question 19

readiness (SLT)

Answer 19

extent to which people have the ability and willingness to accomplish a specific task

Question 20

Path-Goal Theory (PGT)

Answer 20

leader’s job is to help and guide followers in achieving their goals

Question 21

House’s 4 leadership behaviours (PGT)

Answer 21

• directive
• supportive
• participative
• achievement-oriented

Question 22

Leader–member exchange (LMX) theory

Answer 22

leaders create in-groups and out-groups, in-group will have higher performance ratings, less turnover, and greater job satisfaction

Question 23

transactional leadership

Answer 23

lead primarily by using social exchanges (or transactions)

rewards and punishments

Question 24

transformational leadership

Answer 24

stimulate and inspire (transform) followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes
(group interest motivation)

Question 25

charismatic leader

Answer 25

enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways

Question 26

visionary leadership

Answer 26

ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future that improves the present situation

Question 27

authentic leadership

Answer 27

know who they are and what they believe in, and act on those values and beliefs openly and sincerely

Question 28

ethical leadership

Answer 28

reinforce ethics through organizational mechanisms such as communication and the reward system

Question 29

team leadership

Answer 29

monitor, diagnose and take necessary action to ensure team meets objectives and goals

Question 30

team leader's job

Answer 30

managing the team’s external boundary and facilitating the team process

Question 31

team leadership roles

Answer 31

* conflict manager * coach * liaison with external constituencies * troubleshooter

Question 32

5 leadership issues today

Answer 32

* managing power * developing trust * empowering employees * leading cross cultures * becoming an effective leader

Question 33

legitimate power

Answer 33

power a leader has as a result of their position in an organization

Question 34

coercive power

Answer 34

power a leader has to punish or control

Question 35

reward power

Answer 35

power a leader has to give positive rewards

Question 36

expert power

Answer 36

power that’s based on expertise, special skills, or knowledge

Question 37

referent power

Answer 37

power that arises because of a person’s desirable resources or personal traits

Question 38

credibility

Answer 38

degree followers perceive someone as honest, competent, and able to inspire

Question 39

trust

Answer 39

belief in the integrity, character, and ability of a leader ex. integrity, competence, consistency, loyalty, and openness

Question 40

employee empowerment

Answer 40

giving more authority to employees to make decisions

Question 41

Why empower employees?

Answer 41

* quicker responses to problems and faster decisions | * relieves managers to work on other problems

Question 42

national culture

Answer 42

important situational variable in determining which leadership style will be most effective ex. North American leaders expected to look and sound professional and inspiring Japanese leaders humble and speak frequently

Question 43

leader training

Answer 43

* some people don’t have what it takes to be a leader | * some people are more motivated to lead than others

Question 44

substitutes for leadership

Answer 44

* some people don’t need leaders | * leaders need to be aware of followers’ needs

Question 45

* 5 ultimate effective leader*

Answer 45

* positive * ethical * empathy * trustworthy * resilient