Chapter 14 - Oral Cavity - Part 3

Question 1

Are primary salivary gland diseases common?

Answer 1

No, rare

Question 2

What gland is most commonly seen in primary salivary gland disease?

Answer 2

parotid gland

Question 3

What are the 4 glands that can be affected in primary salivary gland disease?

Answer 3

parotid gland
Sublingual gland
submandibular gland
Minor salivary glands

Question 4

What do the glands do?

Answer 4

excrete saliva

Question 5

Salivary gland excrete salvia via what?

Answer 5

ducts

Question 6

What makes up 99% of the saliva?

Answer 6

water

Question 7

What else is in the saliva?

Answer 7

IgA and enzymes

Question 8

What are the common pathologies of the salivary glands?

Answer 8

Inflammation

neoplasia

Question 9

What is the word for dry mouth?

Answer 9

xerostomia

Question 10

What is xerostomia caused by?

Answer 10

Decreased saliva production

Question 11

What can cause xerostomia?

Answer 11

Aging, ADRs, irradiation

Question 12

What percentage of people over 70 experience xerostomia?

Answer 12

20%

Question 13

In what disease is xerostomia a major feature?

Answer 13

sjogren syndrome

Question 14

Sjogren syndrome is an ____ disease.

Answer 14

autoimmune

Question 15

Sjogren syndrome destroys what?

Answer 15

Exorcise glands

Question 16

Sjogren syndrome has inflammation of what glands?

Answer 16

Salivary and lacrimal

Question 17

What are the main drugs that can cause xerostomia?

Answer 17

antihypertensive

Muscle relaxers

Question 18

Complications of xerostomia are what?

Answer 18

dysphagia
dysarthria
Dental caries
candidiasis

Question 19

What is dysphagia?

Answer 19

Difficulty swalling

Question 20

What is dysarthria?

Answer 20

Difficulty speaking

Question 21

Xerostomia can cause what complications with the tongue?

Answer 21

Fissuring and ulcerations

Question 22

What is inflammation and enlargement of the salivary glands called?

Answer 22

sialadenitis

Question 23

What is the most common viral cause of sialadenitis?

Answer 23

mumps

Question 24

Mumps is a ______.

Answer 24

paramyxovirus

Question 25

Mumps usually affects what glands?

Answer 25

parotid

Question 26

In adults the paramyxovirus can cause what?

Answer 26

pancreatitis, orchitis

Question 27

What is the most common bacterial cause of sialadenitis?

Answer 27

staph. aureus | and staph. viridans

Question 28

What two things can predispose glands to bacterial infections.

Answer 28

Dehydration | obstruction

Question 29

What is blockage/rupture of glandular duct called?

Answer 29

mucocele

Question 30

Mucocele aka

Answer 30

Mucous cyst, ranula

Question 31

Mucocele typically manifests as a fluctuant swelling in what area?

Answer 31

Lower lip

Question 32

Mucocele looks like what?

Answer 32

Cyst-like space filled with mucin and inflammatory cells (esp. Macrophages)

Question 33

Mucocele are most common seen in:

Answer 33

Children and elderly

Question 34

Are salivary gland neoplasm common?

Answer 34

No, rare

Question 35

What is the most common gland that can develop a neoplasm?

Answer 35

parotid

Question 36

What percentage of neoplasm affect parotid glands?

Answer 36

65-80%

Question 37

What percentage of carotid gland neoplasm are malignant?

Answer 37

15-30%

Question 38

What percentage of submandibular glands are malignant?

Answer 38

40%

Question 39

What percentage of neoplasm are affecting submandibular glands?

Answer 39

10%`

Question 40

What percent of neoplasm affect sublingual and minor salivary glands?

Answer 40

10-20%

Question 41

What percentage of sublingual and minor salivary glands are malignant?

Answer 41

50-90%

Question 42

Which gland are the least common for neoplasm?

Answer 42

Smaller glands

Question 43

Are the smaller glands at a greater or less risk for cancer?

Answer 43

greater

Question 44

The likelihood that a salivary gland is malignant is _________ proportional to it's size.

Answer 44

inversely

Question 45

Parotid gland neoplasms produce swelling in ____ of and ____ the ____.

Answer 45

in front of Below ear

Question 46

Both benign and malignant parotid gland tumors are how big? Are ______ on pulsation (mostly).

Answer 46

4-6 cm | mobile

Question 47

Pleomorphic adenoma are benign or malignant?

Answer 47

benign

Question 48

Are Pleomorphic adenoma fast or slow growing?

Answer 48

slow

Question 49

Is a Pleomorphic adenoma an epithelial or mesenchymal tumor?

Answer 49

Mixed (both epithelial and mesenchymal)

Question 50

Can a Pleomorphic adenoma recur after excision?

Answer 50

yes

Question 51

What percentage of Pleomorphic adenoma's transition into cancer?

Answer 51

2-10%

Question 52

When a Pleomorphic adenoma transitions into cancer, what is it called?

Answer 52

Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic adenoma

Question 53

If you have carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma what is the prognosis?

Answer 53

50% 5-year

Question 54

A carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is ______ and _______.

Answer 54

Invasive, | Less mobile

Question 55

What is the histology of a pleomorphic adenoma?

Answer 55

Heterogeneous, Cartilage and bone Encapsulated.