Chapter 14 (study) Flashcards
Why do many teachers dislike the task of assessing student learning?
Choose 3
a. Many teachers lack in-depth knowledge of assessment principles.
b. The role of assessor is seen as being inconsistent with the role of teacher.
c. Classroom assessments contribute little to student learning.
d. Many teachers think of assessment as grading rather than as instruction.
e. High-quality assessment practices are a regular part of classroom culture.
a. Many teachers lack in-depth knowledge of assessment principles.
b. The role of assessor is seen as being inconsistent with the role of teacher.
d. Many teachers think of assessment as grading rather than as instruction.
What is the most important reason for using classroom assessments?
a. to enhance student learning b. to provide information for parents c. to identify gifted and talented students d. to evaluate the quality of instruction
a. to enhance student learning
What are the major purposes of teacher-made assessments?
Choose 4
a. keeping students motivated
b. highlighting students’ strengths and weaknesses
c. providing feedback about effectiveness of study habits
d. assessing mastery of specific learning objectives
e. providing information about instructional decisions
b. highlighting students’ strengths and weaknesses
c. providing feedback about effectiveness of study habits
d. assessing mastery of specific learning objectives
e. providing information about instructional decisions
What kind of evaluation is being used when a teacher provides critical comments to students as a means of shaping their next oral presentations?
a. formative assessment b. summative assessment c. portfolio assessment d. standardized assessment
a. formative assessment
What is a major advantage of selected-response tests?
a. reliability and ease of scoring b. measuring higher level thinking c. assessing verbatim memorization d. measuring meaningful learning
a. reliability and ease of scoring
What are the major characteristics of performance assessments?
Choose 4
a. They show what students can do.
b. They require less time to administer and score than other tests.
c. They use realistic and authentic tasks.
d. They are similar to how students were taught.
e. They are responsive to cultural diversity.
a. They show what students can do.
c. They use realistic and authentic tasks.
d. They are similar to how students were taught.
e. They are responsive to cultural diversity.
What elements are contained in a rubric?
Choose 3
a. content standards
b. performance standards
c. scoring levels
d. work samples
e. selected responses
a. content standards
b. performance standards
c. scoring levels
What are the benefits of using scoring rubrics?
Choose 4
a. Scoring objectivity, consistency, and efficiency increase.
b. The rubric fully and objectively defines all required tasks.
c. Instruction more closely matches the performance measured.
d. Students become aware of the range of performance standards.
e. Students may monitor progress and make changes to products.
a. Scoring objectivity, consistency, and efficiency increase.
c. Instruction more closely matches the performance measured.
d. Students become aware of the range of performance standards.
e. Students may monitor progress and make changes to products.
How do performance assessments compare to traditional written tests with respect to cultural responsiveness?
Choose 2
a. Traditional written tests are equally culturally responsive.
b. Performance assessments are too narrow in scope to be culturally responsive.
c. Most items in traditional written tests reflect the majority culture.
d. The realistic nature of performance assessments allows all students to demonstrate their capabilities.
e. Written tests reflect the lived experiences of all children.
c. Most items in traditional written tests reflect the majority culture.
d. The realistic nature of performance assessments allows all students to demonstrate their capabilities.
A teacher has students write a historical newspaper article as a creative writing assignment to demonstrate their understanding of the causes of the Civil War, and uses a rubric to assess this understanding. Why might there be concern with this assessment’s validity?
a. There should be no concern because rubrics prevent extraneous factors from affecting the scoring. b. The teacher’s attention to the creative writing may distract from assessing the students’ understanding of history. c. The validity of the assessment is increased because both history and creative writing are relevant for journalism. d. This assessment may cause students to change their writing style on the next assignment.
b. The teacher’s attention to the creative writing may distract from assessing the students’ understanding of history.
When teachers are using a norm-referenced grading system, why should a broad base of typical student performance be used rather than a single class?
a. The performance levels within a single class are too homogeneous. b. The normal level of performance is usually too low. c. A single class lets weak students too easily earn high grades. d. Weak students will inevitably fail.
a. The performance levels within a single class are too homogeneous.
What is measured in a criterion-referenced grading system?
a. achievement in comparison to other students b. attainment of a defined standard performance c. student motivation to learn content and skills d. cognitive and affective ability levels
b. attainment of a defined standard performance
Why should teachers refrain from using zeros when averaging final grades?
a. The student becomes angry for being unfairly singled out. b. The final grade has lessened validity and may not reflect what the student learned. c. Late assignments may be due to factors beyond the student’s control. d. Students cheat when they feel their grades are unfairly lowered.
b. The final grade has lessened validity and may not reflect what the student learned.
How might electronic gradebooks be used for classroom assessment?
Choose 3
a. to store records of student test performance
b. to objectively compute and accumulate averages
c. to indicate instrument validity and reliability
d. to note students with particular characteristics
e. to accurately substitute for professional judgment
a. to store records of student test performance
b. to objectively compute and accumulate averages
d. to note students with particular characteristics
Why should teachers be cautious when using computerized grading tools?
a. Scanning tests saves valuable time in tracking performance. b. Professional judgment is necessary to fairly compute grades. c. Computerized grading programs calculate scores objectively. d. Computerized grading programs may not detect cheating.
b. Professional judgment is necessary to fairly compute grades.
How do teachers commonly measure learning?
Choose 4
a. quizzes or exams
b. standardized tests
c. homework exercises
d. written essays
e. oral presentations
a. quizzes or exams
c. homework exercises
d. written essays
e. oral presentations
What is the main purpose of formative assessment?
a. assigning a letter or numeric grade to student work b. reporting student progress to parents c. comparing the performance of one school to others in a district d. facilitating learning and improving achievement
d. facilitating learning and improving achievement
How may quizzes and exams be considered formative assessments?
a. Scores are averaged for report cards. b. Results are used to form rankings in classrooms. c. Scores indicate students’ study habits. d. Results are used to improve instruction and learning.
d. Results are used to improve instruction and learning.
What is a major characteristic of selected-response tests?
a. objective scoring b. rubric scoring c. measuring student performance d. assessing higher-level critical thinking
a. objective scoring
What are the major advantages of essay tests?
Choose 3
a. are easy and objective to score
b. require higher-level cognitive skills
c. encourage meaningful learning of material
d. reveal organization and communication skills
e. can be graded consistently
b. require higher-level cognitive skills
c. encourage meaningful learning of material
d. reveal organization and communication skills
Mr. Jones wants his third grade students to add and subtract integers, so he sets up a store in his classroom in which students purchase candy bars and one student acts as the store cashier. What type of assessment is Mr. Jones conducting as he observes the interactions of cashier and customers?
a. portfolio b. exhibition c. authentic d. summative
c. authentic
What is a major advantage of criterion-referenced grading systems?
a. Useful information about students’ strengths and weaknesses is provided. b. Parents learn how well their child compares to other students. c. The standards for assigning letter grades are objectively determined. d. Roughly equal percentages of students receive letter grades A through F.
a. Useful information about students’ strengths and weaknesses is provided.
What is the basic idea behind mastery learning?
a. Students adopt mastery goals to obtain higher grades than other students. b. Instruction, time, and motivation determine achievement. c. People deserve a second chance when they make mistakes in life. d. Life involves competition among equally proficient individuals.
b. Instruction, time, and motivation determine achievement.
How should teachers approach the use of computerized grading tools?
a. Scanning tests saves time and results are always correct. b. Electronic grading provides unquestionable objectivity. c. It takes professional judgment to fairly assign grades. d. It is relatively simple for students to cheat on scanned test forms.
c. It takes professional judgment to fairly assign grades.
