Chapter 14 - The World System

Question 1

Capitalism

Answer 1

A world system that dates to the 15th century which is committed to production for sale or exchange with the object of maximizing profits

Question 2

Capital

Answer 2

Wealth invested with the intent of producing profit

Question 3

World System Theory

Answer 3

Discernible social system, based on wealth and power differentials, that extends beyond countries

Question 4

Fernand Braudel

Answer 4

Argued that society consists of interrelated parts assembled into a system

Question 5

Wallerstein

Answer 5

Three positions of economic and political power
(Core, Semiperiphery, and Periphery)

Question 6

Core

Answer 6

Dominant, nations with an advanced system of production

Question 7

Semiperiphery

Answer 7

Industrialized nations that fill an intermediate position between core and periphery

Question 8

Periphery

Answer 8

The world’s least privileged nations

Question 9

Industrial Revolution

Answer 9

European transformation of traditional into modern societies through the industrialization of their economies

Question 10

Marx

Answer 10

Two opposed classes
(Bourgeoisie and Working-Class)

Question 11

Bourgeoisie

Answer 11

(Capitalists) Owned the means of production

Question 12

Working-Class

Answer 12

(Proletariat/property fewer workers)
People had to sell their labor to survive

Question 13

Marx’s Class Consciousness

Answer 13

Recognition of collective interests and personal identification with one’s economic group
(it can lead to revolutionary changes)

Question 14

Proletarization

Answer 14

Separation of workers from the means of production

Question 15

Modern Stratification System

Answer 15

Lenski and Max Weber

Question 16

Lenski

Answer 16

Argued that social equality tends to increase in advanced industrial societies.
BUT differences in income and wealth that set off richest from poorest Americans is widening

Question 17

Max Weber

Answer 17

Designed a three-component theory of stratification in which social difference is determined by class, status, and power

Question 18

Colonialism

Answer 18

Political, social, economic, and cultural domination of a territory and its people by a foreign power for an extended period of time

Question 19

British Colonialism

Answer 19

Empire covered 1/5 of the world’s land surface

Question 20

French Colonialism

Answer 20

Driven by state, church and, armed forces

Question 21

Imperialism

Answer 21

Policy of extending rule of one nation or empire over others

Question 22

Intervention Philosophy

Answer 22

Ideological justification for outsiders to guide local peoples in specific directions

Question 23

Neoliberalism (A. Smith)

Answer 23

Government’s should not regulate private enterprise. Instead, free-market forces should rule

Question 24

First World

Answer 24

Refers to the democratic west

Question 25

Second World

Answer 25

Refers to former Warsaw Pact nations

Question 26

Big "C"

Answer 26

Political movement and doctrine seeking to overthrow capitalism and to establish a form on communism similar to what prevailed in the Soviet Union

Question 27

Small "c"

Answer 27

Social system in which property is owned by the community and people work for the common god

Question 28

Communism

Answer 28

5 contemporary communist states: China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam

Question 29

Indigenous Peoples

Answer 29

Refers to the original inhabitants of particular areas

Question 30

Indirect Colonial Rule

Answer 30

Governing through native political structures and leaders

Question 31

Direct Colonial Rule

Answer 31

Imposing new governments upon native populations