Chapter 15 Flashcards
Black codes
laws passed from 1865 to 1866 in southern states to restrict the rights of former slaves; to nullify the codes, Congress passed the civil rights act of 1866 and the 14th amendment
the freedmen’s bureau
Reconstruction agency established in 1865 to protect the legal rights of former slaves and to assist with their education, jobs, health care, and landowning.
civil rights bill of 1866
Along with the 14th amendment, legislation that guaranteed the rights of citizen ship to former slaves.
14th amendment
1868 constitutional amendment that guaranteed rights citizenships to former slaves, in words similar to those of the Civil Rights Acts of 1866
15th amendment
Constitutional amendment ratified in 1870, which prohibited states from discriminatin in voting privileges on the basis of race
Ku Klux Klan
group organized in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1866 to terrorize former slaves who voted held polictical offices during Reconstructuion; a revived organzization in the 1910s that stressed white, Anglo- Saxton, fundamentalist protestant supremacy; revived a third time to fight the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s in the south
Civil rights act of 1875
The last piece of reconstruction legislation, which outlawed racial discrimination in places of ublic accomodations such as hotels and theaters. Many parts of it were ruled unconstitutional by the supreme court in 1883
Redeemers
Post- civil war democratic leaders who supposedly saved the south from Yankee domination and preserved the primarily rural economy
Bargain of 1877
Deal made by a republican and democratic special congressional commission to resolve the disputed presidential election of 1876; republican Rutherford B. Hayes, who had lost their popular vote, was declared the winner in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from involvement in politics in the south, marking the end of reconstruction
Reconstruction act
1867 law that established temporary military governments in ten confederate states- expecting Tennessee- and required that the states ratify the 14th amendment and permit freedmen to vote.
What were the main factors, in both the North and South, for the overthrow of Reconstruction?
The main factors that led up to the overthrow of reconstruction was the south leaders labeling AA influencers as black supremacy. Rising tax needed for schools to be paid off, new facilities opening , and assistance with the railroads construction (596). Many poor whites accepted the reconstruction until they realized the economy wasn’t getting better. Another reason was that White southerners didn’t like the fact that AA could vote, being in office, and could enjoy the rights that they had.
What were the social and political effects of Radical reconstruction in the south?
The social and political effects of Radical reconstruction in the South were mass gatherings where AA wanted to claim their citizenship. The gatherings encouraged immediate action with fighting for what they wanted; equal rights as whites. They took part in sit-ins, strikes, tours etc.
What were the sources, goals, and competing visions for reconstruction?
The sources, goals, and competing visions for reconstruction of the south were to free AA, reconstruct the south, and to let them enjoy equal opportunities. The south would make its way to become what the North was like with schools, small towns, and independent farms (570). Which led to the Freedmen’s Bureau, “an agency established to provide schools, aid to the poor & old, and settle disputes between blacks and whites.”
What visions of freedom did the former slaves and slaveholders pursue in the postwar south?
The visions of freedom the former slaves pursue in the postwar South was to be equal to the white man. They felt like if they could not do everything that the white men were able to do, then they were not really free to begin with. They wanted to vote, own property, and have civil rights. The vision was to reconstruct the South, free black people, and get to enjoy the same opportunities as those in the North.
