Chapter 15 Flashcards
(15 cards)
Big Data
the large quantities if digital data produced by digital societies; including
- Data from cell phones
- Keystones + GPS Units
Volume
organizations collect data from a variety of sources, including business transactions, social media and information from sensor or machine to machine data
Velocity
data streams in at unprecedented sped and must be dealt with in a timely manner RFID tags, sensors and smart metering are driving the need to deal with torrents of data in near-real time
Variety
data comes in all types of formats - from structured, numeric data in traditional databases to unstructured text documents, email video, audio, and financial transactions
Data Mining
is the practice of automatically searching large stores of big data to discover patterns and trends that go beyond simple analysis
- Data Mining uses sophisticated (black Box) algorithms to segment the data and evaluate the probability of future events
White Hat Hackers
protects companies, help identify individuals engaged in cybercrime
Black Hat Hackers
aims to break into company computers to steal data or vandalize a computer network or website
Hacktivist
steals or manipulates data to make a political or statement
Hacking:
tinkering with a technology to gain an advantage
- over 75% of hacking worldwide is done by men between ages of 18 and 30
Cybercrimes
include identity theft, computer viruses, and online fraud, theft of electronic data
- Six in ten (60%) global internet users have been victimized
- Chance of being a victim of cybercrime depends on:
- geographical location
- internet habits
- internet technologies
Cybercrime & Criminals
Who: both groups and individuals
Why: economic gain, espionage, activism, terrorism or warfare
How: use of knowledge and skills to manipulate software and to take advantage of internet behaviors (including What: ranges from an being scammed out of money to sensitive data being stolen and sold
Science and Social Problems
science is a social probelm “gatekeeper”
- designates what knowledge has authority and when
- can determine:
- what and when knowledge is
relevant
- what knowledge has authority
- how other knowledge is interpreted
within and outside social problems
Technological Fixes
a technocratic view of progress sees technology as a means to fix social problems
- radar to catch and deter speeding
- a technocrat is an expert, not a politician
- they make decisions based on
specialized information rather than
the public opinion
Megamachines
a new social order composed of humans and technology that is dominated by technological rather than human needs
- Lewis Mumford wrote about the charges the increased mechanization of labor brought to society and suggested that the way we use technology may threaten what it means to be human
- Mumford foresaw the possibility of technology being a social problem that dehumanizes society (alter human social organization, or the pattern of relationships among individuals and groups)
Urbanization
the process by which cities, suburbs, and metropolitan areas develop and grow over time
