Chapter 15

Question 1

percentage that attended church in 1850

Answer 1

75%

Question 2

sprang out of the enlightenment (age of reason) and was based on the scientific or logical reasoning rather that faith. also sparked by the scientific. believed in a supreme being (like a great clockmaker).

Answer 2

Deism

Question 3

deism rejected the…

Answer 3

divinity of Christ

Question 4

this religion believed that God existed in 1 person and that one was saved through good works. notable person: Ralph Waldo Emerson

Answer 4

Unitarian

Question 5

a) Christian revival that began in the 1800s. reached full speed 1830s
b) started other movements: prison reform, temperance, and abolition of slavery.

Answer 5

2nd Great Awakening

Question 6

Peter Cartwright and Charles Grandison Finney

Answer 6

leading preachers and helped start the other movements

Question 7

Burned-over District

Answer 7

Western NY

Question 8

Adventists, and predicted the return of Christ on 10-22-1844.

Answer 8

Millerites

Question 9

this branch of the faith would also begin. ran into troubles with their neighbors due to polygamy (having multiple wives), drilling a militia, and voting as a block.

Answer 9

Mormons

Question 10

____ was a divisive issue to the churches

Answer 10

Slavery

Question 11

claimed to have found golden tablets in NY with the Book of Mormon inscribed on them. He thus came up with “Mormon” or “Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.”

Answer 11

Joseph Smith

Question 12

became known as the “Father of Public Education.” He pushed for free compulsory education and education that strayed from just “dead languages” to more “hands-on” education and the “3 R’s.”

Answer 12

Horace Mann

Question 13

who wrote his Blueback Speller and dictionary. His lessons were mixed with grammar and moral lessons.

Answer 13

Noah Webster

Question 14

who wrote the McGuffey’s Reader that nearly every schoolchild read from. The Reader also contained both English lessons as well as patriotic and moral lessons.

Answer 14

William H. McGuffey

Question 15

The first state-supported university was founded in the Tar Heel state in 1795

Answer 15

the University of North Carolina

Question 16

was established by Emma Willard in 1821.

Answer 16

Troy Female Seminary

Question 17

was established by Mary Lyon in 1837.

Answer 17

Mount Holyoke Seminary

Question 18

sought and got improved treatment for the mentally insane. Prior to her work, mental insanity was viewed as a choice and was dealt with harshly. She brought the terrible treatment to light and got changes made.

Answer 18

Dorothea Dix

Question 19

was led by William Ladd. His message was lost when the Civil War erupted, but the fruits of his seed would show up in the 1900’s (with the League of Nations and then U.N.).

Answer 19

The American Peace Society

Question 20

was founded in Boston, 1826. Local chapters began to emerge. They used a variety of methods to encourage temperance (discourage drinking).

Answer 20

American Temperance Society

Question 21

which prohibited alcohol’s sale or manufacture. Other states followed (though legal battles also followed the laws).

Answer 21

Maine Law of 1851

Question 22

noted that rape in America was punishable by death, whereas in his home of France it was usually overlooked.

Answer 22

Alexis de Tocqueville

Question 23

urged women to take teaching jobs (until they married).

Answer 23

Catherine Beecher

Question 24

all pushed for women’s suffrage (right to vote).

Answer 24

Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Question 25

became the first female doctor,

Answer 25

Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell

Question 26

wore short skirts (bloomers),

Answer 26

Amelia Bloomer

Question 27

edited a transcendentalist journal

Answer 27

Margaret Fuller

Question 28

pushed for the abolition of slavery.

Answer 28

Grimke Sisters

Question 29

The greatest first-step in women's rights. It wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments" arguing that "all men and women were created equal."

Answer 29

Seneca Falls Women’s Rights Convention

Question 30

was started in Massachusetts (1841). It attracted Transcendentalist intellectuals. It kept its head above water for 5 years, then a major building burnt down and the whole thing was lost to debt.

Answer 30

Brook Farm

Question 31

It was communal and embraced free love, birth control, and selecting parents to have planned children.

Answer 31

.Oneida Community

Question 32

were begun by Mother Ann Lee as a religious sect. They stressed simplicity in their lives and separated the sexes. This led to them dying off by 1940.

Answer 32

the Shakers

Question 33

wrote on navigation

Answer 33

Nathaniel Bowditch

Question 34

studied ocean winds and currents

Answer 34

Matthew Maury

Question 35

yale chemist and geologist for 50+ years

Answer 35

Benjamin Silliman

Question 36

Harvard biologist who stressed research

Answer 36

Louis Agassiz

Question 37

Harvard botanist

Answer 37

Asa Gray

Question 38

early naturalist who painted birds with precise detail

Answer 38

John Audubon

Question 39

said that if all the medicines were thrown into the sea, the people would be better off and the fish worse.

Answer 39

Dr. Oliver Wendall Holmes

Question 40

painted many portraits of George Washington

Answer 40

Gilbert Stuart

Question 41

also painted George Washington

Answer 41

Charles Peale

Question 42

painted scenes of the revolutionary war

Answer 42

John Trumbull

Question 43

songs were the most famous, especially Old Folks at Home, better known as Suwanee River.

Answer 43

Stephen Foster's

Question 44

wrote Knickerbocker's History of New York and The Sketch Book including "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow." The setting was in the U.S

Answer 44

Washington Irving

Question 45

wrote what might be considered the first of blockbuster American fiction in Leatherstocking Tales. These stories told of Natty Bumppo, a frontiersman and his adventures, notably in The Last of the Mohicans. The setting was the wilderness of New York.

Answer 45

James Fenimore Cooper

Question 46

wrote poetry including "Thanatopsis." Europeans didn't think such quality poetry could be written on "this side of the water."

Answer 46

William Cullen Bryant

Question 47

was a New England intellectual movement that began to challenge ways of thinking. During the "Age of Reason," knowledge came from experimentation. John Locke had argued that knowledge came solely from the senses. said knowledge rises above (transcends) just the senses.

Answer 47

Transcendentalism

Question 48

was the most famous Transcendentalist.

Answer 48

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Question 49

was Emerson's friend and neighbor. Whereas Emerson talked about self reliance, Thoreau lived it.

Answer 49

Henry David Thoreau

Question 50

was a saucy poet who wrote Leaves of Grass. He encouraged people to live their lives to the fullest and holler out a "barbaric yawp."

Answer 50

Walt Whitman

Question 51

was an immensely popular poet with "Evangeline," "The Tales of Hiawatha," and "The Courtship of Miles Standish."

Answer 51

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Question 52

wrote poems that barked against social injustice like slavery.

Answer 52

John Greenleaf Whittier

Question 53

similarly wrote satirical poetry that criticized social wrongs, such as Biglow Papers.

Answer 53

James Russell Lowell

Question 54

was a poet who wrote "The Last Leaf" to honor the last "white Indian" of the Boston Tea Party.

Answer 54

Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes

Question 55

was a poet who wrote "The Last Leaf" to honor the last "white Indian" of the Boston Tea Party.

Answer 55

Louisa May Alcott

Question 56

wrote love poems also in Massachusetts

Answer 56

Emily Dickenson

Question 57

was known as "the Cooper of the South." He wrote of southern life during the American Revolution.

Answer 57

William Gillmore Simms

Question 58

is often credited with inventing the "psychological thriller." His poems and stories often dealt with the ghostly and the macabre. Well-known works are "The Raven," "The Fall of the House of Usher," and many others.

Answer 58

Edgar Allan Poe

Question 59

explored the idea of original sin wit works such as The House of Seven Gables and The Scarlet Letter where the heroine is condemned to wear a red "A" on her blouse to show her sin of adultery.

Answer 59

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Question 60

wrote Moby Dick, the allegorical tale of good vs. evil. It follows the mad Captain Ahab's hell-bent quest to kill the white whale, Moby Dick.

Answer 60

Herman Melville

Question 61

helped found the Naval Academy in Annapolis, MD and his history of the U.S. earned him the title of "Father of American History."

Answer 61

George Bancroft

Question 62

wrote histories detailing the conquests of Mexico and Peru.

Answer 62

William H. Prescott

Question 63

wrote the history of England and France's struggle for control of North America.

Answer 63

Francis Parkman