Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANDREWS’ Diseases Of The Skin 13 Ed. > CHAPTER 15: FUNGI AND YEASTS (SUPERFICIAL) > Flashcards

CHAPTER 15: FUNGI AND YEASTS (SUPERFICIAL) Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of imidazoles

A

inhibition of cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase, an sential enzyme in ergosterol synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MOA of Nystatin

A

a polyene that works by irreversibly binding to ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Naftifine, terbinafine, and butenafine are allylamines, and their mode of action is

A

inhibition of squalene epoxydation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Black dot ringworm, seborrheic like scaling and inflammatory kerion

This organism in tinea capitis produces spores WITHIN the hair shaft

Do not produce fluorescence in Wood’s lamp

A

Trichophyton tonsurans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Organism in tinea capitis that produce spores OUTSIDE the hair shaft

Fluoresce under Wood’s lamp
Scaly, erythematous papules with loose and broken off hairs

A

Microsporum canis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Deep tender boggy plaques exuding pus in tinea capitis

Scarring, permanent alopecia

A

Kerion celsii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Appears chiefly on scalp but may affect glabrous skin and nails

Scalp- concave yellow sulfur crusts around loose wiry hairs

Atrophic scarring- glossy smooth white patch
Glabrous skin- cup shaped crusts with mousy odor

A

Favus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cup shaped crusts usually pierced by a hair on skin with a distinctive mousy odor in tinea infection

A

Scutulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infected tinea hairs will fluoresce what color in Wood’s light?

A

Bright green or yellow green

Trichophyton- does not fluoresce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treatment for tinea capitis in children

A

Griseofulvin 10mg/kg/day

2-4 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment for trichophyton infections in tinea

A

Terbinafine 3-6mg/kg/day x 1-4 weeks

Adjunct: selenium sulfide shampoo or ketoconazole shampoo 5 mins 3x a week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

vesicular, lichenoid, papulosquamous, or pustular and representing a systemic reaction to fungal antigens.

inflammatory tinea capitis

A

Id reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tinea barbae is different from staphylococcal folliculitis (sycosis vulgaris) by

A

Sparing of upper lip

Unilateral involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Q
Circular, sharply circumscribed, slightly erythematous, dry, scaly hypopigmented patches
Progressive central clearing

Found in the body except in face, beard, hands, feet and groin

A

Tinea corporis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx for Tinea corporis

A

Topical: miconazole , clotrimazole BID x 2-4 wks

Ketoconazole, terbinafine OD
Terbinafine -1 wk

Systemic
Trichophyton: giseofulvin, tebinafine, fluconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Deep pustular tinea circinata resembling a carbuncle or kerion on glabrous skin

Follicles distended with purulent ma

A

Fungal folliculitis

Majocchi granuloma

17
Q

Tinea incognito is an atypical lesion that are widespread and may lack an advancing scaly border

It is usually caused by

A

Treatment with topical corticosteroid or calcineurin inhibitors

18
Q

Infection of the nail plate by a fungus is called

A

Onychomycosis

Tinea unguium

19
Q

Onychomycosis caused by what organism?

Starts at distal corner of the nail and involves the junction of the nail and bed

Yellow discoloration, spreads proximally
Nail becomes brittle

A

T. rubrum

20
Q

A superficial fungal infection

concentrically
arranged rings or parallel, undulating lines of scales overlapping each other like shingles on a roof (imbrex means “shingle”)

causative fungus is Trichophyton concentricum,

A

Tinea imbricata (Tokelau)

21
Q

also known as jock itch and crotch itch

dx: KOH exam, fungal culture, biopsy , immunoflurescence

A

Tinea cruris

22
Q

what type of onchomycosis is an indication of an HIV infection?

A

proximal subungual onchomycosis

caused by T. rubrum and Trichophyton meninii

23
Q

type of onchomycosis where there is an invasion of the toenail plate on the SURFACE of the nail?

A

white superficial onchomycosis ( leukonychia trichophytica)

24
Q

management of onychomycosis

A

topical: ciclopirox, eficonazole, and amorolfine nail lacquers.

adult with fingernail involvement:
1. terbinafine is given in doses of 250 mg/day for 6–8 weeks. for toenails, 12-16 wks
2. Itraconazole given as pulsed dosing, 200 mg twice daily for 1 week of each month, for 2 months when treating fingernails and for 3–4 months when treating toenails.
3. Fluconazole, 150–300 mg once weekly for 6–12 months, appears to be effective.

25
Q

Side effect that should be noted when using itraconazole and terbinafine, ketoconazole

A

liver function abnormalities (alanine transami- nase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], alkaline phospha- tase, total bilirubin).

or development of signs or symptoms suggestive of liver dysfunction.

26
Q

Grayish white membranous plaques found on the surface of the mucous membrane

Base is moist reddish and macerated

Often first manifestation of AIDS

A

oral candidiasis (thrush)

27
Q

Treatment for oral thrush

A

infants: oral nystatin suspension
adults: clotrimazole, fluconazole
immunocompromised: itraconazole, terbinafine

28
Q

Maceration and transverse fissuring of the oral commissures

Bilateral involvement

A

perleche or angular cheilitis

29
Q

Pruritic intertriginous eruptions between folds

Pink to red moist patches surrounded by a colarette scale

A

Candidal intertrigo

30
Q

Candidal intertrigo treatment

A

topical anticandidal- recurrence is common
topical anticandidal + corticosteroid
castellani paint

31
Q

Treatment for diaper candidiasis

A

zinc oxide ointment
oral nystatin

32
Q

Infection with Candida limited to mucosal surfaces, skin and nails

Onset before 6 years old
Hyperkeratotic, horn like or granulomatous lesions

A

chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

33
Q

Gold standard for systemic candidiasis treatment

A

Amphotericin B

safer option is liposomal amphotericin

34
Q

Dark pinhead to pebble sized formations on the hairs of scalp, brows, lashes or beard

Distributed irregularly on the hair shaft

A

black piedra

35
Q

Yellow or beige colored soft slimy sheath coating the hair shaft caused by trichosporon

A

white piedra

36
Q

Treatment for piedra

A
  1. cutting or shaving the hair
  2. black piedra: Oral and topical terbinafine
  3. for white piedra: oral itraconazole, topical imidazoles, ciclopirox olamine, 2% sele- nium sulfide, 6% precipitated sulfur in petrolatum, chlorhexi- dine solutions, Castellani paint, zinc pyrithione, amphotericin B lotion, and 2–10% glutaraldehyde
37
Q

Hypo or hyperpigmented coalescing scaly macules on the trunk and upper arms

Favors oily areas of the skin, occurs during summer
Mild itching and inflammation around patches

A

tinea versicolor

38
Q

Treatment for tinea versicolor

A
  1. Imidazoles, triazoles, selenium sulfide, ciclopirox olamine, zinc pyrithione, sulfur preparations, salicylic acid prepara- tions, propylene glycol, and benzoyl peroxide have been used successfully as topical agents.
  2. adults: Oral itraconazole, 200 mg once daily for 7 days; Fluconazole, 400 mg once daily

ANDREWS’ Diseases Of The Skin 13 Ed. (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions