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ANDREWS’ Diseases Of The Skin 13 Ed. > CHAPTER 20: PARASITIC INFESTATION > Flashcards

CHAPTER 20: PARASITIC INFESTATION Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

May be the sole manifestation of early amebiasis

A

Chronic urticaria

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2
Q

Treatment of choice for amebiasis cutis

A

Metronidazole 750mg TID x 10 days

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3
Q

Common cause of vaginal pruritus with burning and frothy leukorrhea
​
Vaginal mucosa is bright red with pseudomembranous patches

A

Trichomoniasis

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4
Q

Treatment of trichomoniasis

A

Metronidazole 2g single dose

Or 500mg BID x 7 days

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5
Q

Treatment for trichomoniasis in pregnant women

A

Clotrimazole 100mg intravaginally per night x 2 weeks

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6
Q

Treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Spontaneous healing in 12-18 months
​
Topical: paromomycin sulfate 15% + methylbenzethonium chloride 12%
Ketoconazole cream
Cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser
​
Systemic: immunosuppressed
Sodium antimony gluconate IM/IV 20mg/kg/day in 2 doses x 28 days

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7
Q

Cutaneous ulcer
Transmitted by sandfly
Endemic in Asia minor and Mediterranean

A

Cutaneous leishmaniasis

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8
Q

The vector hosts of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis?

for New World cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

VECTORS:
​
Phlebotomus sandflies:
Old World type

Phlebotomus perniciosus and Lutzomyia sandflies: New World cuta- neous leishmaniasis.

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9
Q

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis has an initial cutaneous ulcer and develops a secondary mucosal lesions after how much time?

A

Within 5 years

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10
Q

Earliest mucosal lesion in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Hyperemia of nasal septum with subsequent ulceration

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11
Q

aka ESPUNDIA

A

mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

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12
Q

Antimony resistance is common in this type of leishmaniasis

A

mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

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13
Q

Treatment for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Combination therapy:

Antimonials with rifampin/azithromycin

Amphotericin B

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14
Q

aka kala-azar, dumdum fever

A

Visceral leishmaniasis

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15
Q

Primary target site of leishmanial parasites in visceral leishmaniasis is

A

Reticuloendothelial system

-spleen, liver, bone marrow and lymph nodes

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16
Q

Etiologic factors causing visceral leishmaniasis

A

Leishmania donovani spp. donovani, infantum, and chagasi

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17
Q

Treatment for visceral leishmaniasis

A

Pentavalent antimony

Amphotericin B- resistant cases

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18
Q

Evanescent erythema, erythema multiforme and edema (angioedema) are the early skin manifestations observed in

A

Trypanosomiasis

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19
Q

causative agent of african trypanosomiasis?

A

Trypanosoma gambiense and T. rhodesiense in Africa

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20
Q

causative agent of AMERICAN trypanosomiasis?

A

T. cruzi

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21
Q

Chagas’ disease
reduviid bug (kissing bug, assassin bug),
Romana’s sign

A

American trypanosomiasis (Chagas’ disease)

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22
Q

Treatment of East African (Rhodesian) trypanosomiasis

No CNS involvement:
With CNS involvement:

A

No CNS involvement: suramin

With CNS involvement: melasoprol

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23
Q

Treatment for West African (Gambian) trypanosomiasis

A

Pentamidine isethionate

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24
Q

Treatment for American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)

Study These Flashcards
A

Nifurtimox

Benznidazole

25
Treatment of toxoplasmosis
Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
26
Organisms enter a snail Swimming Attack by burrowing into skin Transient erythematous reaction then recur after 10-15 hrs
swimmer's itch or Schistosome cercarial dermatitis
27
Mild itching and papular dermatitis of feet Urinary bladder/ intestinal inhabitation of the organisms Fever, chills, pneumonitis, eosinophilia, petechiae, malaise, abdominal crsmps, arthritis, liver spleen involvement
Visceral schistosomiasis (bilharziasis)
28
A severe urticarial eruption known as urticarial fever or Katayama fever is frequently present along
S. japonicum infection;
29
Treatment of schistosomiasis
For both S. haematobium and S. mansoni, praziquantel (Biltricide), 40 mg/ kg orally for each of two treatments in 1 day, is the therapy of choice. S. japonicum treatment requires 60 mg/kg in three doses in 1 day
30
Painless nodules in subcutaneous tissues Organisms may enter general circulation and form cysts in striated muscles
Cysticercosis cutis
31
tx for Cysticercosis
Albendazole or praziquantel
32
Also known as hydatid disease From ova-contaminated feces from an infected dog Infestation of liver and lungs Eosinophilia, intractable urticaria and pruritus
Echinococcosis
33
tx for Echinococcosis
praziquantel
34
Chief symptom of pinworm infestation
nocturnal pruritus ani
35
Oxyuriasis is caused by
roundworm Enterobius vermicu- laris,
36
Treatment of enterobiasis
Albendazole, 400 mg, or mebendazole, 100 mg, or pyrantel pamoate, 11 mg/kg (maximum 1 g), given once and repeated in 2 weeks, is effective. Personal hygiene and cleanliness at home are important.
37
Erythematous macules and papules that turn into vesicles Occurs in toe webs, soles and ankles Iron deficiency anemia, skin becomes dry and pale or yellowish Carried into circulation to the lungs—pharynx—swallowed into the small intenstine
Hookworm ( ancylostoma, necator)
38
Treatment of hookworm disease
Albendazole 400mg single dose Mebendazole 100mg BID x 3 days or 500mg single dose Pyrantel pamoate 11mg/kg (max 1g) OD x 3 days Prevention of contamination of soil
39
Treatment for hookworm disease
Albendazole 400 mg SD Mebendazole 100 mg BID x 3 days or 500 mg SD Pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg ( max 1 g) OD x 3 days Prevention of contamination of soil
40
Term applied to twisting, winding linear skin lesions produced by the burrowing of larvae.
Creeping eruption (larva migrans) (Hookworm: ancylosytoma braziliense or ancylostoma caninum)
41
patchy infiltrate of the lungs and eosinophilia as high as 50% in the blood and 90% in the sputum, may complicate creeping eruption.
Loeffler syndrome
42
Tx for larva migrans
Ivermectin, 200 µg/kg, generally given as a single 12-mg dose and repeated the next day, or albendazole, 400 mg/day for 3 days, is an effective treatment.
43
autoinfection caused by penetration of the perianal skin by infectious larvae as they are excreted in the feces. Aka peri-anal larva migrans syndrome Caused by strongyloides stercoralis
Larva currens
44
Tx for larva currens
ivermectin, 200 µg/kg/day for 2 days, or thiabendazole, 50 mg/kg/day in two doses (maximum 3 g/day) for 2 days
45
Lymphedema, hypertrophy of the skin and subcutaneous tissues Enlargement and deformity of affected parts Recurrent attacks of acute lymphangitis with chills and fever
Elephantiasis (filariasis)
46
Tx for filariasis
Diethylcarbamazine X 14 days
47
often asymptomatic. appearance of symptoms maybe 1 year. The first sign is ofte Transmitted by Mango fly painful, localized, subcutaneous, nonpitting edema called Calabar or fugitive swelling Worm under conjunctiva, eosinophilia and microfilariae in peripheral blood
Loiasis ( loa loa)
48
painful, localized, subcutaneous, nonpitting edema First sign observed in loiasis
Calabar swelling
49
Tx for loiasis
Diethylcarbamazine
50
Itchy papular dermatitis localized to one extremity, may become chronic Transmitted by black fly After a time, subcutaneous nodules develop that are painful
Onchocerciasis
51
Tx for onchocerciasis
Ivermectin
52
Inflict series of bites in a row “Breakfast, lunch, dinner”
Cimicosis ( bed bug bites)
53
Tx for trichinosis Caused by trichenilla spiralis
Albendazole
54
Tx for cimicosis (bed bug bites)
Permethrin impregnated bednets Ivermectin 200 ug/kg
55
aka vagabond's disease
Pediculosis corporis (pediculosis vestimenti) | is caused by body lice that lay their eggs in the seams of clothing
56
Treatment for pediculosis
Permethrin Nit combing Launder clothing 65C for 30 mins drying
57
Pruritic papular lesions, excoriations and burrows Favors finger webs wrists axillar umbilicus lower abdomen genitals buttockss Dull red nodules may appear during active period in scrotum penis or vulva
Scabies
58
Axillae, elbow, flexures, wrists and hands and crotch are mostly affected in scabies and is collectively called
Circle of Hebra
59
Treatment for scabies
Permethrin 5% cream Benzyl benzoate and 10% precipitated sulfur in white petrolatum Thoroughly rubbed and washed off 8-10h later

ANDREWS’ Diseases Of The Skin 13 Ed. (20 decks)

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