Chapter 15 - Legal And Ethical Issues Flashcards
(23 cards)
Canadian psychological associations code of ethics
Guides the behaviour of psychologists
Dr. Smith research on psychotherapy
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Ethical practice of psychology
Beneficence, non maleficence Fidelity and responsibility Integrity Justice Respect for people's rights
Deinstitutionalization
Beds decreased 78% between 1962 and 1977
Problems emerged by 1979
Reasons for failure?
Homelessness increase
Homelessness
33-73% have psych
Schizophrenia at greatest risk after deinstitutionalization
Comorbidity with drug and alcohol
Civil commitment
Involuntary treatment made by government on people who present danger to themselves and others
Also outpatient commitment
Criminal commitment
Court ordered that forces involuntary treatment in person with psych who commits a crime
NGRI
Not guilty by reason of insanity
Used in 1% of felony cases successful 15-25%
M’Naghten rule
England 1843 not guilty of crime if they didn’t know their actions were wrong
Mens rea
Latin term for guilty mind
GEI
Guilty except insane
Andre Dallaire
34 broke into PM’s house
Paranoid schizophrenia, found NCRMD
Blair Donnelly
48 male
Stabbed daughter to death
Manic episode, found NCRMD
Luca Magnotta
Murdered student, convicted, fled Canada
BPD? Failed plea of NCRMD
Fitness to stand trial
If they can’t assist in their own defence, considered incompetent to stand trial
Kenneth Bianci
Hillside strangler claimed MPD, was lying
Dr. Martin Orne conducted research in hypnosis, memory, lie detection
Duty to warn
Reasonable care to protect third parties from dangers posed by patients
Tarasoff decision
Based on belief that mental health clinicians can predict human behaviour
Licensing
To practice therapy, must adhere to the laws and codes of ethics
Must attend continuing education
Rights of participants in research
Nuremberg code (voluntary consent) Experiment must be conducted by qualified individuals Discontinue participation at any time Declaration of Helsinki Belmont report Informed consent Institutional review board
Tuskegee Experiment
400 poor black men with syphilis
Penicillin in 1947, denied treatment
KKI lead paint study provided testing not treatment Baltimore
Offered benefit to those already living in house with lead paint
IRB did not consider all the risks to the patients
Harmful to group moved
Psychologist ability to predict violence
A little better than chance
Psychologists in custody evaluations, percent of ethics complaints
35%
