Chapter 15 - Personality Disorders

Question 1

disorders marked by problems forming a stably positive sense of self and with sustaining close and constructive friendships

Answer 1

Personality disorders

Question 2

Preoccupation with order, perfection, and control

Answer 2

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Question 3

Grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy

Answer 3

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Question 4

Cognitive distortions, disorganized and eccentric behavior, and lack of capacity for close relationships, suspiciousness

Answer 4

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Question 5

Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

Answer 5

Avoidant personality disorder

Question 6

Disregard for and violation of the rights of others

Answer 6

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 7

Instability of interpersonal relationships, self-images and affect as well as marked impulsivity

Answer 7

Borderline personality disorder

Question 8

Distrust and suspiciousness of others (not in DSM5)

Answer 8

Paranoid pd

Question 9

Detachment from social relationships and restricted range of emotional expression (not in DSM5)

Answer 9

schizoid pd

Question 10

Ecessive emotionality and attention seeking (not in DSM5)

Answer 10

Histrionic pd

Question 11

Submissive behavior, fears of separation, and excessive need to be taken care of

Answer 11

Dependent pd

Question 12

Concerns with DSM IV TR

Answer 12

Overlap –> dimensional personality

common

better fit –> dimensions

target personality traits

stability

Question 13

3 types of personality ratings

Answer 13

levels of personality scale

six personality disorder types

five personality trait domain ratings

+

25 facet ratings to describe 5 trait domains

Question 14

2 types of impairment that were important in levels of personality functioning

Answer 14

disturbances in one’s sense of self

chronic interpersonal disturbances

Question 15

label for those who seem to have a personality disorder but does not match the types

Answer 15

personality disorder trait specified

Question 16

experience of oneself as unique, with clear doundaries between self and others

stability of self-esteem and accuracy of self-appraisal

capacity for and ability to regulate a range of emotional experience

Answer 16

self identity

Question 17

pursuit of coherent and meaningful short-term and life goals

utilization of constructive and prosocial internal standards of behavior

ability to self-reflect productively

Answer 17

self-direction

Question 18

comprehension and appreciation of other’s experiences and motivations

tolerance of differing perspectives

understanding of the effect of own behavior on others

Answer 18

interpersonal empathy

Question 19

Depth and duration of positive connections with others

desire and capacity for closeness

mutuality of regard reflected in interpersonal behavior

Answer 19

Interpersonal intimacy

Question 20

Scale of degree of impairment in self and interpersonal functioning

Answer 20

0 no impairment

1 mild

2 moderate

serious

4 extreme impairment

Question 21

Issues in criteriafor personality disorder

Answer 21

Cultural context

stable personality characteristics

consider pervasive problems

Question 22

Perfectionist, preoccupied with the details, rules and schedules

pay so much attention to detailthat they fail to finish projects

more oriented toward work than pleasure

control freaks

inordinate difficulty making decisions and allocating time

Answer 22

obsessive compulsive personality disorder

Question 23

DSM 5 OCPD

Answer 23

compulsivity - rigid perfectionism

negative affectivity - perseveration

Question 24

DSM 5 Narcissistic PD

Answer 24

antagonism - grandiosity and attention seeking

Question 25

Parenting dimensions that increase risk of neuroticism

Answer 25

emotional coldness overemphasis of the child's achievements

Question 26

Carolyn Morf Frederick Rhodewalt

Answer 26

people with NPD have fragile self esteem because they are trying to maintain the belief that they are special interpersonal interactions are important to them for bolstering self esteem, rather than for gaining closeness or warmth captive to the goal of maintaining a grand vision of themselves. goal pervades their experiences

Question 27

DSM 5 Schizotypal PD

Answer 27

Psychoticism Detachment Negative affectivity

Question 28

taijin kyofusho

Answer 28

interpersonal fear JAPAN

Question 29

eccentricity, cognitive and perceptual dysregulation, unusual beliefs and experiences

Answer 29

psychoticism

Question 30

restricted affectivity and withdrawal

Answer 30

detachment

Question 31

characterized by suspiciousness

Answer 31

negative affectivity

Question 32

DSM 5 Avoidant Personality Disorder

Answer 32

Detachment (withdrawal, intimacy avoidance, anhedonia) Negative affectivity

Question 33

DSM 5 Antisocial PD

Answer 33

Antagonism (manipulativeness, deceitfulness, callousness, hostility) Disinhibition (irresponsibility, impulsivity and risk taking)

Question 34

key characteristic is poverty of emotions, both positive nad negative no sense of shame superficially charming for personal gain

Answer 34

psychopathy

Question 35

most commonly used scale to assess psychopathy includes juvenile delinquency, criminality, impulsivity, irresponsibility, superficial charm,, pathological lying, manipulativeness, lack of remorse, shallow affect, and lack of empathy

Answer 35

Psychopathy Checklist-revised

Question 36

social predictors of antisocial behavior

Answer 36

high negativity, low warmth, parental inconsistency

Question 37

lack of response to threats when pursuing potential rewards

Answer 37

impulsivity

Question 38

being in tune with the emotional reactions of others

Answer 38

empathy

Question 39

brain structure active for empathy

Answer 39

ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Question 40

DSM Borderline PD

Answer 40

Negative affectivity (emotional lability, anxiousness, separation insecurity, depressivity) Disinhibition (impulsivity, risk taking) Antagonism (hostility)

Question 41

Neurobio factors of BPD

Answer 41

low serotonin funcition heightened amygdala activation low levels of activity and structural changes in pf cortex (exp anterior cingulate cortex)

Question 42

theory that proposes that BPD develops when people who have difficulty controlling their emotions because of a biological diathesis are raised in a family environment that is invalidating

Answer 42

Marsha Linehan's Diathesis-Stress Theory

Question 43

2 hypothesized factors in Linehan's Diathesis-Stress Theory

Answer 43

Emotional dysregulation invalidation

Question 44

Psychodynamic therapist aim

Answer 44

alter patient's present-day views of childhood problems assumed to underlie personality disorders

Question 45

Cognitive therapy

Answer 45

aaron beck challenge cognitions

Question 46

Treatments Psychotypal PD

Answer 46

antipsychotic drugs antidepressants

Question 47

Treatment Avoidant PD

Answer 47

antidepressants cognitive behavioral treatment social skills training systematic desensitization cognitive therapy

Question 48

Treatment BPD

Answer 48

Dialectical Behaviro Therapy Mentalization Based Therapy Schema-Focused Cognitive Therapy

Question 49

Dialectic Behavior Therapy

Answer 49

accept but help change synthesis of opposites

Question 50

4 stages of DBT

Answer 50

Address dangerously impoulsive behaviors (promote control) Learn to modulte extreme emotionality Improve relationships and self esteem promote connectedness and happiness

Question 51

Mentalization Based Therapy

Answer 51

mentalization: think about own and other's feelings

Question 52

Therapists and patient work to identify maladaptive assumptions that a client holds about relationships

Answer 52

Schema-focused cognitive therapy