Chapter 15 - Physical/cognitive in middle adulthood Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is happening to the white/grey matter + the synapses in the brain?
White matter= at its peak
Grey matter= declines until 60
Synapses= more lost then gained
The ares that develop ____ decline _____ .
Last
First
What is climacteric?
Reproductive decline seen in both men and women.
At what speed does male climacteric usually occur, and what can help restore sexual function?
Develops at a slow and gradual rate, medication and lifestyle changes can restore sexual function.
Cessation of the monthly menstrual cycle is called what? and at what age does it usually occur?
Menopause, starts in late 40s/early 50s
What are the stages that menopause develops in?
- Premenopausal: estrogen and regular periods decline.
- Perimenopausal: estrogen and progersterone decline, periods are irregular, and symptoms start.
- Postmenopausal: no periods (lasts for over 1 year)
Desire to have sex ________ becuase of 3 main problems:
Declines
1. Poor health/ chronic conditions
2. sexual expectations and mental disorders
3. partner expecations
Loss of calcium in the bones that causes an increased risk of fractures is called what? When does it begin?
Osteoporosis, occurs as early as 50 for women and later for men.
How can we prevent osteoporosis?
- Getting enough calcium in early adulthood.
- Regular(preferably weight bearing) exercise.
- Bone density tests to identify early risks.
Presbyopia:
Normal loss of visual acuity, especially the ability to focus on near objects.
Presbycusis:
Normal loss of hearing with aging, especially very high/low frequency.
What is HRQL?
health related quality of life, remains high/ stable till age 70.
What health trends are seen in middle adulthood?
Increase in aches/pains, the amount of people unhappy with their body, chronic diseases/disabilities, and disease related death.
What is the leading cause of death in this age range?
Cancer, lung cancer #1. Seeing an increase in the amount of women with lung cancer and decrease with the amount of men.
What are the risk factors for developing cancer?
Dietary risks, cardiovascular disease, and infectious agents (HPV, epstien-barr virus, hepititis B/C heliobacter pylori bacteria).
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in this age group, it can be caused by ___________ which is the narrowing of the arteries cause by plaque build up.
Atherosclerosis.
what are the risk factors for CVD?
Hypertension, smoking, weight, blood pressure, cholesterol, chronic illness, inactivity, diet, alcohol, and genetics. Have a cumalitive effect
What personality types have greater risk for developing CVD?
Type A, and type D increases the chances you will die after a heart attack.
__________ Live longer, but have more nonfatal chronic injuries.
_____ Are healthier while alive but live for a shorter amount of time.
Women
Men
Does mental health problems increase with age and what amount of people struggling with previous disorder continue to struggle?
Mental health problems increase in this age group, with 2/3 of individuals previously suffering continuing to struggle. Most addictive disorders become problematic
Alcohol use disorder:
More common in men, increased risk for many diseases and decreased cognitive function.
Nancy Denney, physical/ cognitive activities that are ______ have a higher peak level then those that are _________.
Exercised
Unexercised
Any skill can improve if you begin to exercise it.
What is selective optimization with compensation theory?
Balancing gains and losses associated with aging by: optimizing, compensating, and selecting(reduce distractions).
What is the critical factor in determining an individuals overall health?
Exercise
