chapter 15 study guide

Question 1

list some medium through which a mechanical wave can travel

Answer 1

solids, liquids, gases

Question 2

when sound travels through air, what happens to the particles in regards to vibration?

Answer 2

the particles vibrate along the direction that the wave travels

Question 3

sound waves do not travel through __________

Answer 3

empty spaces

Question 4

sound waves are ___________

Answer 4

longitudinal

Question 5

the ________ of a wave is the distance between the crest and the trough of the wave

Answer 5

amplitude

Question 6

_______ is transferred during the movement of a wave

Answer 6

energy

Question 7

which type of wave can travel through empty space?

Answer 7

electromagnetic waves

Question 8

list 3 types of electromagnetic waves

Answer 8

radio waves, microwaves, ultraviolet waves

Question 9

for a wave, the larger the amplitude, the more _______ the wave carries

Answer 9

energy

Question 10

when the amplitude of a longitudinal wave increases, what happens to the particles in the medium?

Answer 10

they get closer together

Question 11

when the energy carried by a sound wave increases, what happens to its amplitude?

Answer 11

increases

Question 12

a wave has 1 wavelength every 3 seconds. what is the frequency?

Answer 12

1/3 Hz

Question 13

humans can hear frequencies as low as 21Hz. if the sound is measured during 3 seconds, how many wavelengths pass?

Answer 13

63

Question 14

elephants can hear frequencies as low as 16 Hz., if the sound is measured during 4 seconds, how many wavelengths pass?

Answer 14

64

Question 15

list 3 ways that waves interact with matter

Answer 15

waves can be reflected by matter; waves can change direction when they travel from one material to another; as waves pass through matter, some of the energy they carry can be transferred to matter

Question 16

people tint windows dark to encourage ________

Answer 16

absorption

Question 17

you can see yourself in a mirror because light ______ off the surface of a mirror

Answer 17

reflects

Question 18

light passes through glass windows because of ________

Answer 18

transmission

Question 19

some headphones block outside noise by using _______ interference

Answer 19

destructive

Question 20

describe wave interference

Answer 20

interference occurs when two or more waves meet while traveling along the same medium. the meeting of a trough of one wave with a crest of another wave results in destructive interference. the only way for two waves to interfere constructively is for a crest to overlap a crest or a trough to overlap a trough

Question 21

what type of wave occurs on a guitar because both ends are fixed?

Answer 21

standing wave

Question 22

which type of wave occurs when two waves combine to create a wave with greater amplitude than either original wave?

Answer 22

constructive wave

Question 23

list some examples of mechanical waves

Answer 23

sound waves, water waves, earthquake waves

Question 24

tsunamis have large amounts of energy because of the large ______

Answer 24

amplitude

Question 25

a place where particles are far apart is a __________

Answer 25

rarefaction

Question 26

when light bounces off a surface it is called __________-

Answer 26

reflection

Question 27

be able to correctly state the equation for calculating wave speed

Answer 27

wave speed=wavelength x frequency

Question 28

be able to explain refraction while interpreting an illustration of light passing through water

Answer 28

when light waves pass through the surface of water, the light waves change direction as a result of refraction

Question 29

be able to explain why the directional change of the light waves occur as light enters the surface of a container of water

Answer 29

light waves travel faster through air than water

Question 30

be able to interpret information given in a data table and to draw conclusions regarding the speed of sound through different materials

Answer 30

the speed of sound varies with the material in which the waves travel

Question 31

how far can sound travel in water in 2.5 seconds if the temp. is 25 degrees?

Answer 31

3750 meters

Question 32

if the distance between the crest and trough of a wave is 1.2 meters, what is the wave’s amplitude?

Answer 32

0.6 meters

Question 33

if the frequency of a sound wave is 7.0 Hz, and the sound wave travels through the air at a speed of 350 m/s, what is the wavelength?

Answer 33

50 meters

Question 34

where does light travel the fastest?

Answer 34

empty space

Question 35

what are the types of waves? give examples of each

Answer 35

waves are either mechanical or electromagnetic. mechanical waves travel in matter only. either longitudinal, transverse, or both. water sound, or earthquake waves. electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum and matter. light, radio, and microwaves

Question 36

explain how waves interact with matter. give example of each

Answer 36

waves interact with matter through absorption, transmission, reflection. absorption is energy carried by wave transfers to material which it is traveling in. black t-shirt absorbs radiant energy and makes you hot. transmission occurs when light waves pass through an object such as plastic wrap or glass. reflection occurs when waves bounce off surface. light reflects off mirror or water