Chapter 16 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is sound?
Sound is vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person’s ear.
What are sound waves?
Sound waves are longitudinal waves that can only travel through matter.
What is a longitudinal wave?
A longitudinal wave is a wave that makes the particles in the material that carries the wave move back and forth.
What is vibration?
A rapid, back-and-forth motion that can occur in solids, liquids, or gases.
What energy is carried by a sound wave?
The energy carried by a sound wave is due to vibration.
How does a guitar string create sound?
When you pull on a guitar string, you transfer energy to the string. When you let it go, the string snaps back and vibrates.
This vibration collides with nearby air particles, transferring energy to them, which then collide with other air particles and pass on the energy.
What is a medium?
A material in which a wave travels.
What are some examples of media options?
Air, water, wood, metal.
Can waves travel through empty space?
No, waves cannot travel through empty space.
How do waves travel from a sound source to your ear?
Waves are pushed from the sound source, causing energy to travel through the particles in the air or other medium until it reaches your ear.
What happens when a speaker cone moves?
It moves forward (causing compressions) and back (causing rarefactions).
What is density?
Density is how closely the particles of a medium are packed together.
How does density differ between gases, liquids, and solids?
Particles are less dense and do not collide as often in a gas compared to a liquid or solid.
What is stiffness in solids?
Stiffness refers to how rigid solids are, where stiffer solids have particles packed very close together.
How does stiffness affect energy transfer in solids?
In stiffer solids, particles collide more often and transfer energy very quickly.
Can you provide an example of how density affects sound wave travel?
Sound waves travel faster in seawater than freshwater due to density.
What happens to gas particles as temperature increases?
As the temperature of a gas increases, the particles move faster and collide more often, allowing energy to be transferred faster.
What is the effect of temperature on liquids and solids?
The temperature of liquids and solids has the opposite effect compared to gases.
What happens to water molecules as water cools?
As water cools, the molecules move closer together, so they collide more often.
Example: Ice is even more rigid, allowing sound to travel faster.
