Chapter 16 Vocab Flashcards Preview

Chemistry Chapters 16-20 > Chapter 16 Vocab > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 16 Vocab Deck (18)
Loading flashcards...
0
Q

Solubility

A

The amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution

1
Q

Saturated solution

A

Contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure

2
Q

Unsaturated solution

A

A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure

3
Q

Miscible

A

Two liquids are this if they dissolve in each other in all proportions

4
Q

Immiscible

A

Liquids that are insoluble in one another

5
Q

Supersaturated solution

A

Contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature

6
Q

Henry’s law

A

States that at any given temperature, the solubility(S) of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure(P) of the gas above the liquid

S1/P1=S2/P2

7
Q

Concentration

A

A measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

8
Q

Dilute solution

A

Solution that contains a small amount of solute

9
Q

Concentrated solution

A

Solution that contains a large amount of solute

10
Q

Molarity (M)

A

The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution

11
Q

Colligative property

A

A property that depends only upon the number of solute particles, and not upon their identity

12
Q

Freezing-point depression

A

The difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent

13
Q

Boiling-point elevation

A

The difference in temperature between the boiling point of a solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent

14
Q

Molality (m)

A

The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kilogram (1000g) of solvent

15
Q

Mole fraction (of a solute in a solution)

A

The ratio of the moles of that solute to the total number of moles of the solvent and solute

XA=nA/nA+nB. XB=nB/nA+nB

16
Q

Molal freezing-point depression constant

A

The constant which is equal to the change in freezing point for 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile molecular solute

17
Q

Molal boiling-point elevation constant

A

The constant which is equal to the change in boiling point for a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile molecular solute