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AP Physics 2 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Electric force

A

interaction between 2 charged objects (N)

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2
Q

Electric field

A

Force exerted on a tiny + test charge (q) placed at that point DIVIDED by magnitude of test charge

Units: (N/C)

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3
Q

Equation for E-field

charge (q) creating the field

A

(E-field with respect to location)

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4
Q

Equation for E-field

charge (q) experiencing field

A

(E-field with respect to location)

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5
Q

Work

A

force acts on an object and causes a displacement

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6
Q

Energy

A

conserved substance like quantity (can be stored in multiple modes but its always the same thing)

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7
Q

Energy storage modes

A

gravitational, kinetic, elastic, electrical

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8
Q

Equation for WORK

A
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9
Q

Is work stored in a system?

A

no

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10
Q

Is energy stored in a system?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What conditions of force and displacement cause no work?

A

No work is done when: force PERPENDICULAR to displacement

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12
Q

Electric potential energy

A

amount of energy needed to move a charge against an E-field

Units: J

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13
Q

Does electric potential energy depend on the path taken when moving from A to B?

A

No, PE is independent of path taken

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14
Q

Electric potential difference

A

diff in potential energy/unit charge between two locations in an E-field

units: V (J/C)

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15
Q

What does electric potential difference depend and not depend on?

A

Does not depend on: test charge (q)

Depends on: charges that create the field

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16
Q

How can electric field be defined in terms of electric potential difference?

A

E-field: the rate that electric potential decreases over distance in that direction

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17
Q

Equipotential line

A
  • Line along which the electric potential is constant
  • Isolines PERPENDICULAR to E-field at all points
  • Continuous (never end)
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18
Q

Equipotential surface

A

Surface all at the SAME potential

Example: conductor in static equilib

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19
Q

Equation for electric potential energy (PE)

A

PE = q∆V

20
Q

Equation for electric potential difference (V)

A

V = W/q

V = Ed

21
Q

Equation for kinetic energy (Ek)

A

Ek = ½ mv2

22
Q

Equation for gravity force and

A

Fg = m g

g = 10N/kg

23
Q

Equation for Gravitational Potential energy

A

Eg = m g h

g = 10N/kg

24
Q

What plate has a higher potential negative or positive?

A

+ plate has higher potential

25
Q

Where will charged objects naturally move to in an electric field?

A

+q: move from high → low potential

–q: move from low → high potential

25
Q

Where will charged objects naturally move to in an electric field?

A

+q: move from high → low potential

–q: move from low → high potential

26
Q

Capacitance

A

ratio of the electric charge on each conductor (Q) to the potential difference (V) between them

27
Q

A higher capicatance (C) means that a conductor can hold more or less charge at 1V?

A

higher C = can hold many Coulombs of charge at 1V

28
Q

Equation for CAPACITANCE

A

q = CV

29
Q

Equation: amount of energy stored in a capacitor

A

Ecap = (½)CV2

30
Q

What is a CAPACITOR?

A

device use to store electric charge & consists of 2 conducting objects (plates/sheets)

31
Q

Equation: CAPACITANCE for a parallel plate capacitor

A

A = area of either plate

ε0 = 8.85 x 10-12 (C2/Nm2)

32
Q

What does 1 Fardad (F) =

A

1 F = 1C/V

33
Q

Equation: electric potential (V) of a single point charge

A
34
Q

The potential around + charges is always +/–? What about around – charges?

A

Potential around + charges = +

potential around – charges = –

35
Q

How can you add voltages?

A

Voltages add arithmetically (superpositon)

VA = VAB + VAC …

36
Q

Can voltages be negative?

A

Yes! Because we choose an arbitrary 0

37
Q

What is the coulomb’s constant: k =

A

k = 9 x 109 (Nm2/C2)

38
Q

Charge of one electron/proton

A

1.6 x 10-19 (C)

39
Q

Mass of 1 proton

A

k = 1.67 x 10-27 kg

40
Q

Mass of 1 electron

A

9.11 x 10-31 kg

41
Q

Unit conversions

1 N =

A
42
Q

Unit conversions

1 J =

A
43
Q

Unit conversions

1 V =

A
44
Q

Unit conversions

How to go from N/C to V/m?

A
45
Q

1 electron volt (eV) =

A

1 eV = 1.6 x 10-19 J

AP Physics 2 (9 decks)

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