Chapter 17 Flashcards
The protein shell enclosing the viral genome
Capsid
An infectious particle consisting of little more than genes packages in a protein coat
Virus
A membrane, derived from membranes of the host cell, that cloaks the capsid, which in turn encloses the viral genome
Viral envelopes
Viruses that infect bacteria
Bacteriophages (phages)
The limited number of species whose cells can be infected by a particular virus
Host range
A phage replication cycle that culminates in death of host cells
Lytic cycle
A phage that replicates only by a lytic cycle
Virulent phage
An endonuclease that recognizes and cuts DNA molecules foreign to bacterium
Restriction enzymes
Cycle that allows replication of the phage genome without destroying the host cell
Lysogenic cycle
Phages capable of using both modes of replication within a bacterium
Temperate phages
A phage genome that has been inserted in to a specific site on a bacterial chromosome
Prophage
An RNA virus that replicates by transcribing its RNA into DNA and then inserting DNA into a cellular chromosome
Retroviruses
An enzyme encoded by certain viruses that uses RNA as a template for DNA synthesis
Reverse transcriptase
A retrovirus that causes AIDS
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
The symptoms and signs present during late stages of HIV infection; specified reduced number of T cells and the appearance of characteristic secondary infections
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
