Chapter 17

Question 1

Intended to protect the members against aggression

Answer 1

United Nations

Question 2

Represented Europe’s division between a mostly democratic Western Europe and a communist Eastern Europe

Answer 2

Iron curtain

Question 3

Policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and preventing the expansion of communism

Answer 3

Containment

Question 4

Would provide food, machines, and other materials

Answer 4

Marshall Plan

Question 5

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Answer 5

NATO

Question 6

Soviet Alliance System in 1955 as part of their own containment policy

Answer 6

Warsaw Pact

Question 7

Willingness to go to the brink, or edge, of war

Answer 7

Brinkmanship

Question 8

Soviet sentenced Francis gray powers to ten years in prison after capturing him in the war/ brought mistrust and tensions between the superpowers

Answer 8

U-2 Incident

Question 9

Truman’s support for countries that rejected communism

Answer 9

Truman Doctrine

Question 10

The leader that the communists communists held a stronghold in northwestern China

Answer 10

Mao ZeDong

Question 11

Leader where nationalist forces dominated southwestern China

Answer 11

Jiang Jieshi

Question 12

Larger collective farms

Answer 12

Communes

Question 13

High school and college students who responded to Mao’s call

Answer 13

Red Guards

Question 14

Red Guards major revolution/ goal= to Establish a society of Peasants and workers and workers in which we’re all equal

Answer 14

Cultural Revolution

Question 15

A lone that crosses Korea at 38 degrees north latitude

Answer 15

38th parallel

Question 16

General who led 15 nations into Korea to stop the invasion

Answer 16

Douglas MacArthur

Question 17

Young Vietnamese nationalist that turned to the communist for help

Answer 17

Ho Chi Minh

Question 18

US President Eisenhower described the threat

Answer 18

Domino theory

Question 19

Leader who France built an anti-communist Government

Answer 19

Ngo Dinh Diem

Question 20

Communist guerrillas

Answer 20

Vietcong

Question 21

Allowed for US troops to gradually pull out, while the South Vietnamese increased their combat role

Answer 21

Vietnamization

Question 22

Communist rebels who set up a brutal government government under the leadership of Pol Pot

Answer 22

Khmer Rouge

Question 23

Consisted of developing nations who were not aligned with either superpower

Answer 23

3rd World

Question 24

Independent nations

Answer 24

Nonaligned Nations

Question 25

Led the revolution that overthrew Batista

Answer 25

Fidel Castro

Question 26

Funded the Nicaraguan dictatorship of...

Answer 26

Anastacio Somoza

Question 27

Sandinistas leader

Answer 27

Daniel Ortega

Question 28

Embraced western government and wealthy western oil companies

Answer 28

Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi

Question 29

Leader of the group that opposed what they saw as socially and morally corrupting western influences

Answer 29

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

Question 30

Dominant Soviet leader in 1953

Answer 30

Nikita Khrushchev

Question 31

Purging t country of Stalin’s memory

Answer 31

Destalinization

Question 32

Quickly adopted repressive domestic policies

Answer 32

Leonid Brezhnev

Question 33

President during the 1960’s

Answer 33

John F. Kennedy

Question 34

Policy of lessened Cold War tensions

Answer 34

Detente

Question 35

Assumed US presidency after JFK was shot

Answer 35

Lyndon Johnson

Question 36

Replaced brinkmanship

Answer 36

Richard M. Nixon

Question 37

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

Answer 37

SALT

Question 38

Took office in 1981

Answer 38

Ronald Reagan

Question 39

Why did some Americans oppose the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 39

Didn’t want US to interfere with other nations “problems”, lacked the resources to carry in a global crusade against communism

Question 40

How did the Soviet union respond to the US policy of brinkmanship?

Answer 40

They made their own collection of bombs

Question 41

Which sides did the superpowers support in the Chinese internal struggle for control of the country?

Answer 41

US helped Taiwan set up a nationalist government Soviets gave China financial support 2 superpowers divided up Korea into a soviet supported Communist north and a US-supported South

Question 42

What were the results of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution?

Answer 42

GLF- poor planning and inefficient “backyard” industries hampered growth, crop failures unleashed famine that killed 20 million people CR-closed down factories and threatened farm production, civil war seemed possible, thousand of people executed or jailed by the red guard

Question 43

What effects did the Korean War have in Korea’s land and people?

Answer 43

Remained divided into 2 countries/ killed 5 million soldiers and civilian deaths South korea- massive aid from US and prospered, concentrated on industry and boosting foreign trade North Korea- communist, established collective farms, built countries military power, developed nuclear weapons, economy struggled shortage of food and energy

Question 44

What major difficulties did the US Army face in fighting the war in Vietnam?

Answer 44

First, they were fighting a guerilla was in unfamiliar jungle terrain. Second, the South Vietnamese government they were supporting was becoming unpopular. At the same time, Soviet supported Vietcong grew.

Question 45

Why did developing nations often align themselves with one or the other superpower?

Answer 45

They provide military aid, build schools, set up programs to combat poverty, and sent volunteer workers to developing nations

Question 46

How did the Soviet Union respond to the US-supported pay of pigs invasion?

Answer 46

They built 42 missile sits in Cuba as a threat to the US because of the failure of the bay of pigs

Question 47

In what ways did Soviet actions hamper Eastern Europe’s economic recovery after WW2?

Answer 47

They had to develop industries to meet the Soviets “needs” so they couldn’t focus on their own economies

Question 48

What policies characterized realpolitik and how did they affect the course of the Cold War?

Answer 48

The policies were to give up these long systems of fear, and bring them back together. Realpolitik helped ease Cold War tensions.