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AP Euro 18/19 > Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Flashcards

0
Q

Makeup of the Estates General and reasons for its convening in 1789

A
  1. Clergy
  2. Nobility
  3. Everyone else

Financial crisis

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1
Q

Causes leading up to the French Revolution

A

Louis XVI dismisses Maupeou, Versailles, American Revolution, famine, Marie Antionette

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2
Q

Financial reforms of Charles Calonne

A

Gabelle - salt, corveé - peasants’ labor services, taille - property tax

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3
Q

Grievances included as part of the cashiers de doleances

A

Unfair taxes, government spending, unnecessary wars, church corruption, privilege, regular meetings, hunting rights, natural rights

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4
Q

Creation of the National Assembly

A

June 17, 1789; 3rd estate, invited enlightened 1st and 2nd estate, 2nd estate later joined NA

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5
Q

Facts about the Tennis Court Oath

A

Promised to draft a constitution, June 20, 1789

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6
Q

Facts and significance of the Storming of Bastille

A

Beginning of Revolution, went to steal gunpowder, National Gaurd

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7
Q

The Great Fear

A

Fear from countryside that food would be taken away, Revolution spreads throughout France

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8
Q

The Night of August 4th

A

“Feudalism is abolished”, everyone is equal (not really), eased fear

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9
Q

Declaration of Rights of Man and citizen

A

Aug 27, 1789; set up rights, liberty, equality, sovereignty, security, freedom, excluded women

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10
Q

The “October Days”

A

Oct 5-7, 1789; women march to Versailles to get grain, take Louis and family back with them, Versailles is no longer home to monarchy

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11
Q

Constitution of 1791

A

Limited monarchy, legislative assembly, Active vs. Passive citizens

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12
Q

Declaration of the Rights of Women

A

1791; equality in marriage, property, recognition as citizens, women mean successful Revolution

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13
Q

Economic reforms during the Reconstruction of France

A

Deregulation of trade, metric system, Chapelier Law, Assignats

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14
Q

The Civil Constitution of Clergy

A

July 1790; Catholic Church under state control, Jurying vs. Refractory clergy

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15
Q

Émigrés

A

16,000 fled to England, Austria, Netherlands

16
Q

Jacobins

A

Montagnards; radical, Rousseauian, community over individual, wanted republic

Girondists; wanted constitutional monarchy, majority of legislative assembly

17
Q

Sans Culottes- goals and methods

A

Wanted
1) end of food shortages
2) social quality
Used crowd action

18
Q

The September Massacres

A

1200 counterrevolutionaries executed, Sans Culottes, impromptu Revolutionary tribunals

19
Q

The Declaration of Pillnitz

A

Leopold II, Frederick William II- Prussia and Austria would militarily enforce existing monarchy if royal family harmed

20
Q

The National Convention and its actions

A

New constitution with democratic principles without monarchy; September 21, 1792 French Republic (first action)

21
Q

Countries at war with France by 1793

A

Spain, Holland, Austria, Britain, Sardinia

22
Q

Levee en masse

A

Draft aimed at males- males provide ammunition, Women provide food, children aid women, elderly inspired patriotism

23
Q

French Republic and “Republic of Virtue”

A

Revolutionary calendar, Notre Dame Cathedral

Dechristianization

24
Q

Values important to the Republic of Virtue

A

Terror, Repressed woman, community over individual, dechristianization (Deism), revolutionary tribunals

25
Q

The Committee of Public Safety

A

12 seats, search for insurgents

26
Q

Fax about the Reign of Terror

A

Decree of Fraternity- promised help for other nations, The First Coalition- defense against France

27
Q

Law of 22 Prairial

A

Eliminated due process of law, now called “Great Terror”

28
Q

Fax about Robespierre

A

Republic of virtue, “The Incorruptible”, no virtue without terror

29
Q

Results of the Thermidorian Reaction

A

Rid of guillotine, Committee of Public Safety abolished, Jacobins and Sans Culottes abolished, White Terror, Constitution of Year III, Vendémiaire Uprising

30
Q

“Bands of Jesus” and the White Terror

A

Getting rid of all radical organizations to end the Terror

31
Q

Women’s rights before and after the Revolution

A

Women lost more rights than anyone

32
Q

Jean Paul Marat

A

“The Friend of the People,” newspaper, republic, end church monarchy and privilege

33
Q

Challenges facing the French revolutionary government by 1793

A

Monarchy, religious division, economic crisis, émigrés/pro royalists, Asignats, political factions

34
Q

Edmund Burke’s View of the French Revolution

A

For American Revolution, from Britain, against French Revolution, predicted turmoil

35
Q

The Partitions of Poland

A

France, Prussia, Austria

36
Q

National Constituent Assembly

A

Formed after Tennis Court Oath, National Assembly, Constitutional Assembly

37
Q

Compte Rendu

A

Jacques Necker, presented state of France’s finances, No War debt, pensions

38
Q

Reasons for the riots in 1788–1789

A

Food shortages

AP Euro 18/19 (3 decks)

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