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Aseptic Procedures > Chapter 18 and 19 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 18 and 19 Key Terms Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Aerobes

A

bacteria that require oxygen to grow

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2
Q

anaerobes

A

bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen

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3
Q

bacilli

A

rod-shaped bacteria that cause tb and other diseases

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4
Q

chancre

A

a painless ulcerating sore

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5
Q

covid-19 - sars-cov-2

A

a coronavirus that is spread person-to-person; caused a pandemic in Dec 2019. it can be mild to severe, causing long-lasting health problems and has caused millions of deaths are the world

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6
Q

creutzfeld-jakob disease

A

rare chronic brain disease with onset in middle to late life (40-60 y/o)

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7
Q

ebola

A

rare but deadly virus that causes bleeding inside and outside of the body

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8
Q

enospores

A

resistant, dormant structures formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions

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9
Q

facultative anaerobes

A

organisms that can grow with or without oxygen

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10
Q

fungi

A

organisms, such as mushrooms, yeasts, and molds found on the land

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11
Q

gram negative

A

classification of bacteria that does not hold a dye stain under a microscope

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12
Q

gram positive

A

classification of bacteria that holds a dye stain and appears dark purple under a microscope

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13
Q

gram’s stain

A

four-step staining process developed by Hans Christian Gram, used to separate bacteria into groups

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14
Q

gram variable

A

classification of bacteria that are not consistently stained

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15
Q

h1n1

A

form of swine influenza virus

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16
Q

herpresvirus

A

virus that causes infections in humans, such as herpes, cytomegalovirus, chickenpox, shingles, mononucleosis, measles, and Kaposi’s sarcoma

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17
Q

human papillomavirus - hpv

A

the most common STD in the US can cause health problems that includes genital warts and cancer

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18
Q

latent

A

dormant

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19
Q

microbiology

A

study of microorganisms

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20
Q

microcephaly

A

abnormal smallness of the head, a congenital condition associated with incomplete brain development

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21
Q

methicillin-resistant

A

staphylococcus aureus - type of infection that is resistant to some antibiotics

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22
Q

nonpathogenic

A

pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce disease

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23
Q

oral candidiasis

A

candida yeast infection of the oral mucosa

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24
Q

pandemic

A

condition that occurs throughout the people of a country or the world

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25
pathogens
disease-producing microorganisms
26
percutaneous
through the skin, such as a needle stick, a cut, or a human bite
27
petri plate or dish
small, flat dish made of thin glass or plastic that contains a sterile solid medium for the culture of microorganisms
28
prions
infectious particles of proteins that lack nucleic acids
29
protozoa
single-celled microscopic animals without a rigid cell wall
30
provirus
virus that is hidden during the latency period
31
spirochetes
spiral-shaped bacteria
32
staphylococci
cocci that form irregular groups or clusters
33
streptococci
cocci that form chains as they divide
34
tyndallization
intermittent, or fractional, sterilization
35
virulent
capable of causing serious disease
36
viruses
ultra microscopic infectious agent that replicates inside living cells
37
zika
a virus that is spread to people primarily through the bite of an infected aedes species mosquito
38
acquired immunity
immunity that is developed during a person's lifetime
39
acute infection
infection of short duration that is often severeana
40
anaphylaxis
extreme hypersensitivity to a substance that can lead to shock and life-threatening respiratory collapse
41
artificially acquired immunity
immunity that results from a vaccination
42
blood-borne disease
disease that is caused by microorganisms such as a viruses or bacteria that are carried in the blood
43
chain of infection
conditions that all must be present for infection to occur
44
chronic infection
an infection of long duration
45
communicable disease
a condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids
46
direct contact
touching or contact with a patient's blood or saliva
47
droplet infection
infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth
48
immunity
ability of the body to resist disease
49
indirect contact
touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument
50
infection control
policies and practices designated to prevent the spread of infectious agents
51
infection prevention
the ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies
52
infectious disease
disease that is communicable
53
inherited immunity
immunity that is present at birth
54
latent infection
persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that "come and go"
55
naturally acquired immunity
immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease
56
occupational exposure
any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials
57
OSHA blood borne pathogens BBP standard
guidelines designed to protect employees against occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens
58
pathogen
disease-causing organism
59
permucosal
contact with mucous membranes, such as the eyes or mouth
60
personal protective equipment
items such as protective clothing, masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees
61
standard precautions
standard of care designed to protect healthcare workers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid via excretion or secretion; expands on the concept of universal precautions
62
universal precautions
guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious
63
virulence
strength of a pathogen's ability to cause disease, also known as pathogenicity

Aseptic Procedures (4 decks)

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