Chapter 18 First Half

Question 1

Scientific study of how we think about, influence and relate to one another

Answer 1

Social Psychology

Question 2

Suggests how we explain someones behavior– by crediting the situation or the persons dispostion

Answer 2

Attribution Theory

Question 3

Tendency for observers when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal dispostion

Answer 3

Fundamental Attribution Error

Question 4

Feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people and events

Answer 4

Attitudes

Question 5

Tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

Answer 5

Foot-in-the-door-phenomenon

Question 6

Toxic situation triggered degrading behaviors among those assigned to the guard rule, while the prisoners broke down mentally. Failed experiment

Answer 6

Philip Zimbardo- Stanford Prison Experiment

Question 7

Theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent. When our attitudes and actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes

Answer 7

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Question 8

Adjusting to ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard

Answer 8

Conformity

Question 9

Set of simple question with clear cut answers.

Answer 9

Asch Conformity Experiment

Question 10

Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval

Answer 10

Normative Social Influence

Question 11

Influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality

Answer 11

Information Social Influence

Question 12

2 college students participating in “teacher” and “student” roles where student is strapped to an electric chair and has to answer a series of questions where every incorrect answer results in a shock

Answer 12

Stanley Milgram’s Obedience Experiment

Question 13

Stronger responses on simple or well learned tasks in he presence of others

Answer 13

Social Facilitation

Question 14

Tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal then when individually accountable

Answer 14

Social Loafing

Question 15

The loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

Answer 15

Deindividuation

Question 16

Enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within a group

Answer 16

Group Polarization

Question 17

Mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Answer 17

Groupthink

Question 18

Unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. Involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory actions

Answer 18

Prejudice

Question 19

Generalized beliefs about a group of people

Answer 19

Stereotype

Question 20

Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members

Answer 20

Discrimination