Chapter 18 - Key Vocabs Part 2

Question 1

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); thyrotropin

Answer 1

1. Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

2. Stimulates the growth of thyroid gland, and secretion of T3 and T4

Question 2

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 2

1. Secreted by the thyroid gland

2. Increases cell metabolism

Question 3

Triiodothyronine (T3)

Answer 3

1. Secreted by the thyroid gland

2. Increases cell metabolism

Question 4

Vasopressin

Answer 4

1. Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
2. Raises water reabsorption and raises blood pressure

Question 5

Catecholamines

Answer 5

1. Hormones derived from an amino acid

2. Secreted by the adrenal medulla

Question 6

Corticosteroids

Answer 6

Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex

Question 7

Electrolyte

Answer 7

Mineral salt found in blood and tissues. Example: potassium, sodium, and calcium.

Question 8

Glucocorticoid

Answer 8

1. Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex

2. Regulate glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

Question 9

Homeostasis

Answer 9

Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment

Question 10

Hormone

Answer 10

Substance secreted by an endocrine gland to influence structure or function of an organ or gland

Question 11

Hypothalamus

Answer 11

Region of the brain lying below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland

Question 12

Mineralocorticoid

Answer 12

Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex to regulate mineral salts and water balance in the body

Question 13

Receptor

Answer 13

Cellular or nuclear protein that binds to a hormone so that a response can be elicited

Question 14

Sella turcica

Answer 14

Cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland

Question 15

Sex hormones

Answer 15

Steroids produced by the adrenal cortex to influence male and female sexual characteristics

Question 16

Steroid

Answer 16

Complex substance related to fats and of which many hormones are made

Question 17

Sympathomimetic

Answer 17

Pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 18

Target tissue

Answer 18

Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones