Chapter 18 (Learning and Memory) Flashcards
(28 cards)
The prefrontal cortex (also parts of the temporal lobe) is responsible for…
the encoding of words and pictures.
The amygdala is responsible for…
The formation and retrieval of emotional memories.
The hippocampus is responsible for….
The formation and retrieval of declarative memories. It also helps with learning the relationships between events and stimuli.
The cerebellum is responsible for…
The formation of simple classically conditioned responses.
The cerebral cortex is responsible for…
The storage of long-term memories
The basic forms of learning include…
- Perceptual learning
- Stimulus-response learning
- Motor learning
- Relational learning
What is perceptual learning?
It is the ability to learn to recognize stimuli that have been perceived before.
This includes object recognition and object location
What is declarative memory?
The conscious recollection of information. Memories of facts, rules, concepts, and events.
What is stimulus-response learning?
the ability to learn to perform a particular behavior in the presence of a particular stimulus.
This is seen with classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
What is motor learning?
The learning of making a new response to a stimulus. The cerebellum is an essential part of this type of learning.
What is relational learning?
The learning of relations among individual stimuli.
What does the dorsal striatum important for?
Mediating the formation of stimulus-response associations.
What are the two types of stimulus-response learning?
Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
What is operant conditioning?
When a response becomes more or less likely to occur depending on its consequences.
This kind of conditioning uses positive and negative reinforcement.
What is classical conditioning?
Conditioning that involves an association between two stimuli.
What are the subdivisions of long-term memory?
Declarative and procedural memory
What are the types of declarative memory?
Semantic memories and episodic memories
What are semantic memories?
General knowledge
What are episodic memories?
Personal recollection
What is procedural memory?
Memories for the performance of actions or skills. Examples include riding a bike or typing on a keyboard.
Which lobe is responsible for verbal memory?
Left temporal lobe structures
Which lobe is responsible for visual memory?
Right temporal lobe structures
Which brain structure is imporant for semantic memory?
Hippocampus
Which structure is important for episodic memory?
Hippocampus
