Chapter 18.1,2,3,4 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Exocine
Secrete chemical through ducts to outside of body
Endocrine
Secrete hormones directly into blood stream that signal changes in other parts of the body
Hormone
A chemical substance, or messenger, released by an endocrine gland that has a specific function in the body
Puberty
A period of sexual development during which a person becomes sexually mature and physically able to reproduce
How puberty starts
Hypothalamus signals pituitary gland to begin producing 2 hormones. Hormones then signal the reproductive glands for produce sexual hormones. Sex hormones activate several changes in your body including outward appearance.
Male reproductive functions
Produce sex hormones, produce/store sperm, and deliver sperm to female reproductive system
Penis
Sexual organ through which sperm leave the body
Testes
Male reproductive glands (produces testosterone and sperm)
Sperm
Reproductive cells (in males)
Fertilization
A sperm cell joins with an egg
Ejaculation
Ejection of semen from the penis
Semen
Mixture of sperm cells and fluids
Females reproductive functions
Produce sex hormones, produce eggs, provide nourishing environment in which a fertilized egg can develop into a baby
Ova
Reproductive cells/eggs
Ovaries
Reproductive glands in which eggs are produced (produce hormones estrogen and progesterone and release mature egg cells)
Estrogen
Activates certain physical changes at puberty
Progesterone
Activates changes to a woman’s reproductive system before and during pregnancy
Ovulation
One of the ovaries releases a ripened egg about once every month
Fallopian tubes
Passages that carry eggs away from ovaries
Uterus
Hollow, muscular organ where egg can grow and develop
Vagina
Hollow, muscular passage leading from the uterus to the outside of the body
The menstrual cycle
Process by which a female produces one mature eggs each month
Menstrual cycle usually lasts
28 days
Factors that affect menstrual cycle
Diet, stress, exercise, weight gain/loss
DSEW
