Chapter 19

Question 1

The nurse makes nutrition a focus in the care plan. Where does nutrition play the most
important role?
a. Weight control
b. Sustained appetite
c. Building strong bones
d. Health maintenance

Answer 1

d. Health maintenance

Question 2

The nurse is explaining the activity recommendations from the USDA’s new MyPlate plan.
What is the minimum amount of moderate weekly exercise needed to balance nutritional
intake?
a. 15 minutes
b. 1 hour and 15 minutes
c. 2 hours and 30 minutes
d. 60 minutes

Answer 2

c. 2 hours and 30 minutes

Question 3

What are some elements found in food that are necessary for good health but the body
cannot make?
a. Important nutrients
b. Lifesaving nutrients
c. Essential nutrients
d. Necessary nutrients

Answer 3

c. Essential nutrients

Question 4

To demonstrate the energy-producing potential of different foods, the nurse explains that 3 g
of lean meat produces 12 kcal/g. How many kcal/g does 3 g of fish oil produce?
a. 6 kcal/g
b. 15 kcal/g
c. 21 kcal/g
d. 27 kcal/g

Answer 4

d. 27 kcal/g

Question 5

What has replaced the USDA’s Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)?
a. Nutrition Recommended Allowance (NRA)
b. National Bionutritional Allowance (NBA)
c. Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)
d. Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)

Answer 5

c. Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)

Question 6

How many kcal/g does 1 g of alcohol provide?
a. 4 kcal/g
b. 5 kcal/g
c. 6 kcal/g
d. 7 kcal/g

Answer 6

d. 7 kcal/g

Question 7

The nurse is educating a group of high school students regarding nutrition. How should the
nurse respond when the students ask what occurs when protein, mineral, iron, and fat
combine?
a. Body processes are regulated.
b. Energy is provided.
c. Tissue is built and repaired.
d. Body function is restored.

Answer 7

c. Tissue is built and repaired.

Question 8

When reviewing a patient’s dietary intake, the nurse recommends that sugar consumption be
reduced to the recommended daily level. What is this level?
a. No more than 24% of total daily kilocalories
b. No more than 16% of total daily kilocalories
c. No more than 8% of total daily kilocalories
d. No more than 4% of total daily kilocalories

Answer 8

c. No more than 8% of total daily kilocalories

Question 9

What carbohydrate is not usually consumed and is stored in the liver and in some muscles?
a. Sugar
b. Glucose
c. Lipids
d. Glycogen

Answer 9

d. Glycogen

Question 10

What is the term for stored fat that insulates the body and serves as a cushion to protect
organs?
a. Subcutaneous tissue
b. Adipose tissue
c. Cohesive tissue
d. Lipid tissue

Answer 10

b. Adipose tissue

Question 11

The nurse is providing information about high cholesterol levels. What is the rationale for
avoiding saturated fats?
a. They block absorption of nutrients.
b. They interfere with metabolism.
c. They increase blood cholesterol.
d. They must be hydrogenated.

Answer 11

c. They increase blood cholesterol.

Question 12

When discussing the digestion and metabolism of fat, the nurse tells the patient who has a
history of cholecystitis and who is on a low-fat diet that fat must be emulsified to be
digested. What is the substance necessary for emulsification?
a. Sugar
b. Cholesterol
c. Bile
d. Protein

Answer 12

c. Bile

Question 13

The body uses 22 common amino acids, but 9 of them must be obtained from protein in the
diet. What are these proteins considered?
a. Essential
b. Basic
c. Fundamental
d. Primary

Answer 13

a. Essential

Question 14

The nurse is educating a patient on a vegan diet. What supplement will the nurse encourage
this patient to take to avoid a deficiency?
a. B6
b. B12
c. K
d. D

Answer 14

b. B12

Question 15

A fit, young woman was at zero nitrogen balance. The nurse discovers that this patient is
now pregnant with her first child. For what is this patient at risk?
a. Embolism
b. Anabolism
c. Catabolism
d. Metabolism

Answer 15

b. Anabolism

Question 16

The nurse explains that a patient with a heart problem should follow a decreased sodium
diet. What will a decreased sodium diet prevent or help reduce?
a. Stroke
b. Fluid excretion
c. Heart attacks
d. Obesity

Answer 16

c. Heart attacks

Question 17

The patient complains to the nurse that he feels terrible since he has been taking several
different kinds of vitamin preparations. What should the nurse assess for indications of
vitamin toxicity?
a. Edema
b. Hypertension
c. Fatigue
d. Diarrhea

Answer 17

c. Fatigue

Question 18

The nurse cautions a patient with a pancreatic disorder that the disorder will interfere with
the digestion of fats and may lead to a clotting disorder. What is the cause of these potential
problems?
a. Inability to use vitamin B
b. Inability to use vitamin C
c. Inability to use vitamin D
d. Inability to use vitamin K

Answer 18

d. Inability to use vitamin K

Question 19

The home health nurse is caring for a patient that has undergone removal of a part of the
stomach. What condition associated with partial stomach removal should the nurse look for
when assessing the patient?
a. A stomach ulcer
b. Digestive problems
c. Pernicious anemia
d. Malabsorption

Answer 19

c. Pernicious anemia

Question 20

A patient taking a diuretic is assessed by the nurse as having an erratic pulse and muscle
weakness. What electrolyte should the nurse suspect is deficient?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Chloride
d. Iron

Answer 20

b. Potassium

Question 21

A patient who has hypertension is complaining about the lack of taste with the low-sodium
diet that has been prescribed. What should the nurse emphasize that sodium may do?
a. Contribute to hypertension.
b. Interfere with blood clotting.
c. Produce stomach ulcers.
d. Decrease calcium in the bones.

Answer 21

a. Contribute to hypertension.

Question 22

The young woman who is breastfeeding will need an increase of calories and protein. What
foods should the nurse suggest as sources of protein?
a. Green, leafy vegetables
b. Citrus fruits
c. Asparagus
d. Nuts

Answer 22

d. Nuts

Question 23

At approximately 4 to 6 months of age, solid food is introduced to a baby. What foods with
high iron content should be recommended by the nurse?
a. Pureed fruit
b. Fortified cereals
c. Fruit juice
d. Rice

Answer 23

b. Fortified cereals

Question 24

A school nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about adequate nutrition. What increased
intake should the nurse encourage?
a. Potassium and sodium
b. Chloride and magnesium
c. Iron and calcium
d. Vitamins and minerals

Answer 24

c. Iron and calcium

Question 25

A nurse caring for a patient who is prescribed a full-liquid diet recognizes that this diet lacks some nutrients. What nutrients are lacking? a. Fat-soluble vitamins b. Potassium c. Iron and fiber d. Water-soluble vitamins

Answer 25

c. Iron and fiber

Question 26

The nurse has assessed a patient’s body mass index (BMI) to be 19.6. This assessment of weight versus height indicates that this patient’s weight category is in whichcategory? a. Low health risk b. Overweight c. Obese d. Morbidly obese

Answer 26

a. Low health risk

Question 27

The nurse is counseling a patient about the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. What should the nurse stress that patients with type 2 diabetes are required to receive on a daily basis? a. Regular carbohydrate-controlled meals b. Oral hyperglycemic agents c. Insulin injections d. Stringent low-calorie diets

Answer 27

a. Regular carbohydrate-controlled meals

Question 28

Careful attention to carbohydrate consumption can improve metabolic control of diabetes. The nurse teaches a meal planning approach that focuses on the total amount of carbohydrates eaten at a meal. What is this meal planning approach called? a. Carbohydrate splitting b. Reduced caloric intake c. Carbohydrate counting d. Carbohydrate balancing

Answer 28

c. Carbohydrate counting

Question 29

The patient who had a gastrostomy complains to the nurse about frequent episodes of dumping syndrome. What can the nurse recommend to this patient to decrease thisproblem? a. Eat small, frequent meals. b. Include more fiber in meals. c. Increase seasoning on food. d. Limit intake to semiliquids.

Answer 29

a. Eat small, frequent meals.

Question 30

The nurse reminds the male patient with lactose intolerance that he can avoid the unpleasant symptoms of nausea, bloating, flatulence, and diarrhea, if he will avoid certain foods. What product should the patient be instructed to avoid? a. Soy beans b. Rice c. Milk d. High fiber

Answer 30

c. Milk

Question 31

A patient diagnosed with renal failure is unable to excrete protein waste products and develops a condition that requires a protein-restricted diet. The nurse instructs the patient that azotemia can be diminished by substituting other food groups for protein. What is an example of a food that this patient can substitute for protein? a. Potatoes b. Beans c. Cheese d. Soy products

Answer 31

a. Potatoes

Question 32

What is a nursing intervention to decrease the thirst of a patient who is on a fluid restriction? a. Rinsing the mouth with warm water b. Sipping carbonated drinks c. Sucking on occasional ice chips d. Limiting tooth brushing to once per day

Answer 32

c. Sucking on occasional ice chips

Question 33

The nurse recognizes that when a patient is unable to consume adequate nutrition by mouth, an alternative route such as a feeding ostomy may be used. What is the proper term for feeding a patient by this method? a. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) b. Nasogastric c. Enteral d. Parenteral

Answer 33

c. Enteral

Question 34

The nurse teaches a patient who has a nonfunctioning or dysfunctional GI tract that total parenteral nutrition (TPN) will be infused. Where will the infusion occur? a. Through the carotid artery b. Through the superior vena cava c. Through the femoral vein d. Through the inferior vena cave

Answer 34

b. Through the superior vena cava

Question 35

Which are the energy-providing food groups? (Select all that apply.) a. Carbohydrates b. Fats c. Proteins d. Vitamins e. Minerals

Answer 35

a. Carbohydrates b. Fats c. Proteins

Question 36

To simplify food values, the measurement of energy obtained by food is defined as the ?

Answer 36

kilocalorie

Question 37

The body mass index (BMI) of a man 6 ft tall weighing 250 lb is

Answer 37

33.9

Question 38

Insoluble softens stools, speeds transit of foods through the digestive tract, and reduces pressure in the colon.

Answer 38

fiber