chapter 19

Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

The policy of extending a nation’s power through diplomacy or military force, leading the U.S. to acquire overseas territories in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 2

Hawaii

Answer 2

The U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898 after American businessmen, led by Sanford Dole, overthrew Queen Liliuokalani to protect economic interests, particularly in the sugar industry.

Question 3

Sugarcane

Answer 3

A key crop in Hawaii and Cuba that drove U.S. economic and political interest in the regions, leading to annexation and involvement in foreign affairs.

Question 4

Yellow Journalism

Answer 4

Sensationalized and exaggerated news reporting, used by newspapers like those of William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer to stir public support for the Spanish-American War.

Question 5

Teller Amendment (1898)

Answer 5

A U.S. declaration stating that after winning the Spanish-American War, the U.S. would not annex Cuba but would allow it to become independent.

Question 6

Spanish- American War (1898)

Answer 6

A conflict between the U.S. and Spain, sparked by Cuban independence efforts, the sinking of the USS Maine, and yellow journalism, resulting in U.S. control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

Question 7

Emilio Aguinaldo

Answer 7

A Filipino revolutionary leader who fought alongside the U.S. against Spain but later led a resistance movement against U.S. rule in the Philippines.

Question 8

Platt Amendment (1901)

Answer 8

A U.S. law that limited Cuba’s sovereignty, allowing the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs and establish a naval base at Guantanamo Bay.

Question 9

Open Door Policy (1899-1900)

Answer 9

A U.S. foreign policy that called for equal trading rights for all nations in China and opposed European spheres of influence.

Question 10

Panama Canal

Answer 10

A crucial waterway built by the U.S. from 1904 to 1914, linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, facilitating trade and military movement.

Question 11

Roosevelt Corollary (1904)

Answer 11

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine by President Theodore Roosevelt, stating that the U.S. could intervene in Latin American countries to maintain stability and protect American interests.

Question 12

Great White Fleet (1907-1909)

Answer 12

A U.S. naval fleet sent on a world tour by Roosevelt to showcase American military power and promote global diplomacy.

Question 13

Pancho Villa

Answer 13

A Mexican revolutionary who led raids into the U.S. in 1916, prompting an unsuccessful American military expedition to capture him.