Chapter 19

Question 1

HDI

Answer 1

Human development index

Question 2

HDI factors

Answer 2

High standard of living, long and healthy life, access to knowledge

Question 3

GDP

Answer 3

the total value of the goods and services produced by a country’s citizens and companies within the country in a year

Question 4

GNI

Answer 4

the total value of goods and services globally produced by a country in a year

Question 5

GNP

Answer 5

the total value of the goods and services produced by a country’s citizens and companies both domestically and internationally

Question 6

The difference between gni and gdp

Answer 6

GNI has nothing to do with personal income, who

Question 7

Per capita

Answer 7

Per person

Question 8

Purchasing power parity (PPP)

Answer 8

is an economic theory that states that in the long run, exchange rates should adjust so that identical goods have the same price

Question 9

Formal sector

Answer 9

businesses, enterprises, and other economic activities that has government supervision, monitoring, and protection, and are TAXED

Question 10

Informal sector

Answer 10

Any part of a country’s economy that is outside of government monitoring or regulation and is NOT TAXED (not included in GDP/GNP/GNI)

Question 11

Measuring the use of

Answer 11

fossil fuels and renewable energy can indicate a country’s level of development

Question 12

Long and healthy life indicators

Answer 12

Life expectancy at birth, Infant Mortality Rates, Total Fertility Rates (TFR),

Question 13

Infant Mortality Rates

Answer 13

Number of deaths per children under 1 per 1,000 live births, good indicator or maternal and infant care

Question 14

Life expectancy at birth

Answer 14

Indicator of access to health care from prenatal to elderly care

Question 15

Total fertility rates

Answer 15

Good indicator of both health care and level of education of women

Question 16

Expected Years of Schooling

Answer 16

How many years a person is expected to spend at school

Question 17

Mean Years of Schooling

Answer 17

How many years of schooling most people receive on average

Question 18

Literacy Rates

Answer 18

The number of men AND WOMEN, over the age of 15, that can read and write

Question 19

Low literacy rates mean

Answer 19

women are not being educated, so not very developed

Question 20

Not Included in HDI

Answer 20

Poverty, Gender equality, Environmental quality, Sustainability, Overall feeling of happiness, Racial/ethnic inequality, Political systems

Question 21

Gender development index (GDI)

Answer 21

calculates gender disparity in the three basic dimensions of human development: health, knowledge, and standard of living

Question 22

GDI is HDI, but with gender

Question 23

Gender inequality index (GII)

Answer 23

calculates inequality based on three categories: reproductive health, empowerment, and labor-market participation.

Question 24

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 24

number of women who die in childbirth per 100,000 live births

Question 25

Why is maternal mortality rate lower in core countries

Answer 25

Advancements in technology and medicine and lower fertility rates

Question 26

Adolescent birth rate

Answer 26

number of births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19.

Question 27

Why is adolescent birth rate lower in core countries

Answer 27

Keep girls in school longer, so delay marriage and starting families

Question 28

Political representation

Answer 28

measured by the ratio of women with seats in government compared with men

Question 29

Educational attainment

Answer 29

measured by the ratio of adult women (age 25 and older) with some secondary education

Question 30

Whats the result of a high educational attainment

Answer 30

lower fertility rates and higher number of women in labor force

Question 31

Labor market participation

Answer 31

measures an economy’s active labor force and is calculated by taking the sum of all employed workers and dividing that number by the working-age population

Question 32

With labor market participation, you must look at

Answer 32

both number of women working AND the sector of the economy women are working in

Question 33

Microloans

Answer 33

very small short-term loans with low interest intended to help people in need

Question 34

Microloans are typically given to

Answer 34

women