Chapter 19 Flashcards
(13 cards)
Demography
The study of population size, structure, and distribution, and how these change over time.
Demographic transition
A model describing how birth and death rates change as societies develop, typically in four stages.
Urbanization
The process by which an increasing percentage of a population lives in cities and urban areas.
Global urban development
The worldwide trend of rapid urban growth, especially in developing countries.
Environmental sociology
The study of interactions between society and the natural environment.
Food security
Having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.
Anthropocene
A proposed geological epoch marked by significant human impact on Earth’s geology and ecosystems.
Environmental injustice
Unequal distribution of environmental hazards and access to resources, often affecting marginalized communities.
Sustainable development
Economic development that meets present needs without compromising future generations’ ability to meet theirs.
Climate change
Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns, largely driven by human activity.
Sustainability
The ability to maintain ecological and social systems over time.
Consumption
The use of goods and services, often linked to economic growth and environmental impact.
