Chapter 19 & 20

Question 1

Who founded the Ottoman Dynasty in the late 13th century?

Answer 1

Osman Bey

Question 2

The Ottomans organize the _____ people in _____ and begin to expand broadly from 1290-_____

Answer 2

Turkish, Anatolia, 1326

Question 3

In _____ the Ottoman Turks capture ______ , the capital of the Byzantine Empire (Roman)

Answer 3

1453, Constantinople

Question 4

When Constantinople became Istanbul, churches like the _____ were transformed into _____, though many Christian features remained

Answer 4

Hagia Sophia, mosques

Question 5

When Constantinople became Istanbul, the Turks allowed everyone to practice whatever religion, as long as they paid a special _____

Answer 5

tax

Question 6

Janissaries:

Answer 6

a soldier in the elite guard of the Ottoman sultan

Question 7

_____ children would be take from their families at a young age and raised to be _____

Answer 7

Christian, Muslim warriors

Question 8

Suleiman the Magnificent besieged _____ but was defeated by _____ and _____

Answer 8

Vienna, Austria and Poland

Question 9

Suleiman the Magnificent attempted to control the _____, but _____ and _____ combined to defeat the Turks at the _____

Answer 9

Mediterranean, Spain and Venice, Battle of Lepanto

Question 10

The sultans center of power was _____ in _____. It had _____ and was considered a ______, ______, and _____

Answer 10

Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, 4 courtyards, fortress, sanctuary, and shrine

Question 11

Ottoman power: grand viziers

Answer 11

Ottoman sultan’s chief minister, usual a eunuch

Question 12

Ottoman power: pasha

Answer 12

Appointed official of the Ottoman Empire who collected taxes, maintained law and order, and was directly responsible to the sultan

Question 13

Ottoman power: gunpowder empire

Answer 13

An empire formed by outside conquerors who u odors the regions they control through their mastery of firearms

Question 14

During the ottoman decline, the sultans became a _____ who was isolated in _____ palace. Instead, the _____ ran everything

Answer 14

Figurehead,Topkapi,grand viziers

Question 15

A cause of the auto man decline was the _____ and the _____

Answer 15

Power struggle over succession between brothers on death of the sultan, decline of the Silk Road

Question 16

The Safavid Empire picked up the prices after ______’s empire was destroyed and conquered modern day ____ and _____ in the early _____. They also had a leader known as the _____, which is Persian for _____. Lastly, they insisted that everyone practiced _____ version of Islam

Answer 16

Tamerlane’s, Iran, Iraq, 1500s, shah, king, Shia

Question 17

The Safavids fell because of lack of _____ (Europeans had _____, ottomans had _____, and Mongols & Chinese _____. They also had an obsession with oppressing _____ Muslims which lead to internal conflict

Answer 17

Economic power, seas trade, trade to the west, trade to the east , Sunni

Question 18

In 1500: India is divided into dozens of small _____, _____, and ______. _____, the founder of the mogul dynasty, was a descendant of ______ and ______. Mogul is Indian for _____. The Moguls did not persecute _____ but encouraged conversion to _______.

Answer 18

Kingdoms, principalities, city states, Babur, Genghis Khan and Tamerlane, Mongol, Hindus, Islam

Question 19

Shah Jahan built and partially designed the _____ and the _____

Answer 19

Peacock Throne and the Taj Mahal

Question 20

End of the Moguls: later emperors stop paying attention to ruling and care more about _____ and living a _____. There was also the end of the tolerance for _____. in 1757 two things occurred. They were the _____ and this was the _____.

Answer 20

smoking opium and living a comfortable life, Hinduism, Battle of Plessey, last time elephants were used in warfare

Question 21

Achievements of the Ming dynasty

Answer 21

they expanded, strengthened the great wall, renovated the Great Canal, made Beijing the capital, etc.

Question 22

Achievements of the Qing dynasty

Answer 22

signed a treaty that established trade between Russia and China, and forced people to dress a certain way, etc.

Question 23

Achievements of the Ming and Qing dynasties

Answer 23

had a bureaucracy, Christian prosperity, etc.

Question 24

How did the Qing dynasty adapt to become successful

Answer 24

the Manchu people forced people to dress a certain way

Question 25

How did the changing economy affect society during the Ming and Qing dynasties

Answer 25

the population increased, then the demand for land went up and people were out of jobs so revolts erupted. The economy couldn’t keep up with China’s demands

Question 26

The _____ family ruled Japan from 1603 until 1868. This was also known as the _____ period. In 1635, foreign trade limited to _____, _____, and _____ at Nagasaki a few times a year. Also, they still had an emperor but the actual power was held by the _____

Answer 26

Tokugawa, Edo, China, Korea, Netherlands, Shogun

Question 27

Japanese Feudalism

Answer 27

Shogun
Daimyo
Samurai
Peasants, Merchants, Eta

Question 28

Samurai

Answer 28

lived by Bushido, the “way of the warrior”

Question 29

Daimyo

Answer 29

heads of noble families in Japan who controlled vast estates and relied on samurai for protection

Question 30

Hans

Answer 30

approximately 250 domains (counties) into which Japan was divided under the Tokugawa, ruled by daimyo

Question 31

Eta

Answer 31

Japan’s outcast class who’s way of life was strictly regulated by the Tokugawa

Question 32

In Japan there was a mix of native _____ (living spirits in all things) and _____ (based on teachings of Confucius). Merchants began to surpass the _____ in wealth

Answer 32

Shintoism, Confucianism, samurai

Question 33

Korea was caught between _____ and _____. They were constantly fighting or negotiating with both of them through the _____ and _____ centuries. They were isolationists (_____________).

Answer 33

China and Japan, 16th and 17th, a policy of national isolation by abstention from alliances and other international political and economic relationships

Question 34

In SE Asia there were fairly stable stat based on _____, _____, and _____. They were _____, _____, _____, and _____. In the first one, the king was considered superior to other human beings and served as the link between _____ and the _____. In the second one, kings were sacred beings and his person maintained the balance between the _____ and the _____. In the third one, the sultan was a mortal but was seen as the defender of all _____ within his realm. In the final one, the teachings of _____ guided emperors, rulers were seen as an intermediary between _____ and _____, and they ruled through the _____.

Answer 34

common ethnic, linguistic, cultural characteristics. Buddhist kingdoms, Javanese styles, Islamic sultanates, and Chinese style. Humans and the universe. sacred world, material world. Muslims. Confucius, heaven and earth, mandate of heaven.

Question 35

Portuguese fist attempted to seize control of the spice trade from _____. In 1511, they took control of _____, the gateway to the Spice Islands. This effectively ended the _____ presence as major players in the Indian Ocean Spice Trade. Then, the _____ and _____ came soon after and pushed out the Portuguese. The Dutch focused all resources on the Spice Islands and soon had a monopoly on _____.

Answer 35

Muslim merchants, Melaka, Muslim, English and Dutch, the spice trade