Chapter 19: Clients with Nutritional and Metabolic Concerns

Question 1

T/F: obese individuals have a higher RMR than do people with normal weight

Answer 1

T, it takes more energy to move the heavy mass

Question 2

Clients who are overweight may benefit simply from doing this

Answer 2

increasing physical activity

Question 3

Clients who are obese should concentrate on this pertaining to weight loss

Answer 3

cutting calories and increasing physical activity

Question 4

food availablity, socioeconomic status, and lack of access to exercise facilities are examples of this factor that effects obesity

Answer 4

enviornmental

Question 5

eating patterns determined by individual preferences and ethnic back grounds, overeating/binge eating, and activity patterns are examples of this factor that effects obesity

Answer 5

behavioral

Question 6

differences in RMR, levels of lipoprotien lipase and other enzymes, sympathetic nervous system activity, and dietary-induced thermogensis are examples of this factor that effects obesity

Answer 6

genetic or metabolic

Question 7

each additional hour of TV use results in this much greater risk of becoming obese in adolescence

Answer 7

20-30%

Question 8

T/F: while physical activity may or may not help a client lose weight, it reduces many obesity related risk factors and is critical for lang-term weight maintenance

Answer 8

T

Question 9

In general women should consume diets not less than this number range of calories, while men should be no lower than this range

Answer 9

1000-1200

1200-1600

Question 10

T/F: low calorie diets have been shown to not be as effective as very low calorie diets (800 calories)

Answer 10

F, same weight loss after 1 year, and decreased lean-tissue loss

Question 11

what is a reasonable initial goal of weight loss, and in what time frame should this occur in

Answer 11

10% BW in 6 months

Question 12

A reduction of 3-5% BW is sufficient to achieve this

Answer 12

reduction in health risk

Question 13

a moderate lvl of physical activity is approximatly this many calories per day, and this much per week

Answer 13

150/day and 1000/week

Question 14

ACSM suggests this minimum of activity per week

Answer 14

150-250 minutes/week at moderate to vigorous intensity

Question 15

For long term weight loss ACSM suggests this frequency and duration of exercise

Answer 15

atleast 5 days per week, for 50-60 minutes per day

Question 16

to promote adherence to an exercise program it is suggested to have this duration and intensity

Answer 16

longer duration and lower intensity

Question 17

the practice of clients taking note of their activity and diet behaviors and recording them is known as

Answer 17

self-monitoring

Question 18

identification of the social or environmental cues that seem to trigger undesired eating patters or non-participation in physical activity and then modifying those cues

Answer 18

stimulus control

Question 19

difference between anorexia and bulimia

Answer 19

a person with anorexia exhibits strict control of food, while bulimia is experiencing a loss of control

Question 20

binge eating and purging behaviors that occur on an average of at least 2 a week for at least 3 months

Answer 20

diagnosis for bulimia

Question 21

3 parts of the female athlete triad

Answer 21

disordered eating
amenorrhea
osteoporosis

Question 22

it is important to monitor these two things in clients who are recovering from the female athlete triad

Answer 22

HR and BP

Question 23

an exercise program for a client who is recovering from disordered eating should deemphasize this, and emphasize this

Answer 23

weight loss

exercise with a low energy demand

Question 24

this is the first line of therapy for the majority of people with dyslipidemia

Answer 24

therapeutic lifestyle change TLC

Question 25

the term for nutritional intervention and guidance provided by a registered dietitian

Answer 25

medical nutrition therapy

Question 26

The mainstays of the TLC diet

Answer 26

limit saturated fat to less than 7% total calories | limit cholesterol to less than 200mg/day

Question 27

Frequency and duration for exercise prescription to improve hyperlipidemia

Answer 27

at least 5 days per week and 30-60 min per session

Question 28

Target VO2R or HRR for exercise prescription to improve hyperlibidemia

Answer 28

40-75%

Question 29

eventual goal of duration for exercise prescriptions to improve hyperlipidemia

Answer 29

50-60 min/day

Question 30

also known as syndrome x

Answer 30

metabolic syndrome

Question 31

Metabolic syndrome: abdominal obesity

Answer 31

waist circumference >40inches in men, and >35 inches in woment

Question 32

Metabolic syndrome: hypertriglyceridemia

Answer 32

greater than or equal to 150mg/dl

Question 33

Metabolic syndrome: hdl

Answer 33

less than 40mg/dl in men and <50mg/dl in women

Question 34

Metabolic syndrome: blood pressure

Answer 34

greater than or equal to 130/85

Question 35

Metabolic syndrome: fasting glucose

Answer 35

greater than or equal to 110mg/dl

Question 36

this is proposed to the be underlying cause of metabolic syndrome

Answer 36

poor blood glucose regulation due to insulin resistance

Question 37

people with metabolic syndrome typcially have hyperinsulinemia which means

Answer 37

high levels of insulin in the blood

Question 38

this is the first line of defense for metabolic syndrome becasue it influences all components of this disorder

Answer 38

exercise

Question 39

Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is based on this

Answer 39

two fasting glucose levels of 126 mg/dl or higher

Question 40

potential exercise risk for clients with diabetes

Answer 40

hypoglycemia (blood glucose of 65 mg/dl or lower

Question 41

according to the ADA people with type1 diabetes should not exercise if their glucose level is greater than this, or this

Answer 41

300mg/dl or 250mg/dl with ketones

Question 42

individuals with blood glucose levels less than this are are risk of developing hypoglycema and should ingest carbohydrate before exercise

Answer 42

100mg/dl

Question 43

Frequency, duration, and intensity for aerobic exercise in a client with diabetes

Answer 43

3-7 days per week 20-60 minutes 50-80% VO2R or HRR

Question 44

Frequency, number of exercises, sets, reps, and intenisty

Answer 44

``` 2-3 nonconsecutive days/week 8-10 exercises 2-3 sets 8-12 reps 60-80% 1RM ```