Chapter 19 Non Aseptic Technique

Question 1

What is Barium

Answer 1

Bulky, fine white powder, without odor or taste and free from grittiness: used as a contrast medium in radiography of the digestive tract

Question 2

Bedpan

Answer 2

Vessel for receiving the urinary and fecal discharges of a patient unable to leave his or her bed.

Question 3

Colonoscopy

Answer 3

Endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel with a charge-coupled device camera or a fiberoptic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. Biopsies can be performed during the procedure. Excellent method to identify small polyps or masses.

Question 4

Colostomy

Answer 4

Surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body; also used to refer to the opening , or stoma, that is created.

Question 5

Defecation

Answer 5

Evacuation of fecal material from the intestines

Question 6

Emesis Basin

Answer 6

Kidney-shaped vessel for the collection of vomitus

Question 7

Enema

Answer 7

Liquid injected or to be injected into the rectum

Question 8

Enterostomal Therapist

Answer 8

Health professional (usually a nurse) with special training and certification in the care of ostomies and related concerns

Question 9

Flatus

Answer 9

Gas or air evacuated through the anus

Question 10

Fowler’s Position

Answer 10

Position in which the patient’s head is raised 18 or 20 inches above the flat position; the knees are also raised

Question 11

Hydration

Answer 11

Term used to indicated that a liquid substance contains water

Question 12

Loopogram

Answer 12

The radiographic evaluation of the small and large bowel that has been connected to the skin surface as a substitute for the urinary bladder with an ostomy.

Question 13

Low Residue Diet

Answer 13

Diet that gives the least possible fecal residue- such as gelatin, sucrose, dextrose, broth and rice.

Question 14

Lumen

Answer 14

Cavity of channel within a tub or tubular organ. (plural- lumina)

Question 15

Nasogastric (NG) Tubes

Answer 15

Tubes of soft rubber or plastic inserted through a nostril and into the stomach; for instilling liquid foods or other substances or for withdrawing gastric contents.

Question 16

Osomate

Answer 16

One who has undergone enterostomy or ureterostomy

Question 17

Perineum

Answer 17

Region between the thighs, bound in the male by the scrotum and the anus and in the female by the vulva and the anus.

Question 18

Purgation

Answer 18

Catharsis; relief of fecal matter affected by a cathartic.

Question 19

Sigmoidoscopy

Answer 19

Procedure used to see inside the sigmoid colon and rectum with a flexible tube that has a camera on the end (sigmoidoscope) and is placed through the anus.

Question 20

Sim’s Position

Answer 20

Position in which the patient lies on the left side with the right knee and thigh flexed and the left arm parallel along the back.

Question 21

Stoma

Answer 21

Opening established in the abdominal wall by colostomy by colostomy, ileostomy, and so forth.

Question 22

Urinal

Answer 22

Vessel or other receptacle for urine (male and female types)

Question 23

Virtual Colonoscopy

Answer 23

It is performed on a multislice computed tomography (CT) scanner that takes up to 600 2D and 3D images of the colon in approximately 30 seconds.

Question 24

Viscosity

Answer 24

Physical property of liquids that determines the internal resistance to shear forces.

Question 25

What is the most common type of NG tube?

Answer 25

Levin Tube

Question 26

How can leakage form a double-lumen tube be prevented

Answer 26

The barrel of a piston-like syringe may be inserted into the suction-drainage lumen, and it is pinned to the patient's gown with the barrel upwards

Question 27

What should you do with a bed pan after use?

Answer 27

Cover, then empty contents in toilet. Most bed pans today are single use and can be thrown out in the non- regulated trash. Metal pans are to be emptied and sent to SPD for resterilization.

Question 28

Hypertonic solution is used when?

Answer 28

Hypertonic enema solutions are used with the patient can not tolerate large amounts of fluid. It pulls fluid from the interstitial spaces around the colon. Usually 120-180ml or 4-6oz is usually effective. (Fleet enema)

Question 29

The normal adult patient should be able to tolerate how much fluid from a cleansing enema

Answer 29

Approximately 500ml of fluid

Question 30

What should be done if cramping occurs during a BE?

Answer 30

Stop the enema until the cramping has subsided. The patient should also be asked to breath through the mouth to help alleviate the discomfort.

Question 31

Desirable characteristics of a barium suspension include

Answer 31

1. Allow rapid flow 2. Allow good adhesion to the mucosa for even coating 3. Provide adequate radiographic density in a thin layer 4. Lack foam or artifacts

Question 32

A postural drop in blood pressure can occur after a BE as a result of

Answer 32

Dehydration

Question 33

With a double barrel colostomy, the proximal stoma delivers _________ and the distal stoma produces ___________.

Answer 33

Proximal delivers stool Distal produces mucus

Question 34

Approximately what percentage of colostomy patients have recurrences of cancer?

Answer 34

10%

Question 35

Describe a Levin Tube

Answer 35

A tube with a single lumen with several holes near its tip

Question 36

Types of NG tubes

Answer 36

Canor,Keofeed, Miller-Abbott, ad Sengstake-Blakemore

Question 37

Name the 5 basic types of cleansing enemas

Answer 37

tap water (hypotonic), hypertonic solution, physiologic, soapsuds, and oil retention

Question 38

Name some clinical indications for a flouroscopic contrast enema.

Answer 38

Diverticular disease, IBS, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's Disease, Colon cancer screening, incomplete colonoscopy, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome or meconium ileus equivalent in cystic fibrosis patients, abnomal or inconclusive findings on other imaging such as CT, polyps.

Question 39

Why would you use water soluable iodine compounds such a Gastrographin (diatrizoic acid) rather than barium for a BE?

Answer 39

Suspected bowel perforation. Mega colon and Hirschsprung's disease.

Question 40

What is the risk of using a water soluable iodine compounds such a Gastrographin (diatrizoic acid)

Answer 40

They are hyper-tonic. It can cause diarrhea and a sudden reduction in blood volume and is particularly dangerous in neonates and in patient with Hirschsprung's Disease.

Question 41

What is Hirschsprung's Disease?

Answer 41

Disease that affects the large intestine and causes problems with passing stool. The condition is congenital as a result of missing nerve cells in the muscles of the baby's colon