Chapter 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Any substance in the universe that has mass and occupies space
Matter
All matter is composed of extremely small particles called
Atoms
The smallest particle into which a substance can be divided and still retain its chemical properties
Atom
What forms a nucleus
Protons and neutrons
Subatomic particle orbiting the core of an atom
Electron
Have no electrical charge
Neutron
Have positive charge
Proton
Have negative charge
electron
In each atom has what for every proton in the nucleus
orbiting electron
The amount of a substance
mass
The force gravity exerts on a substance
weight
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number
Atoms with the same atomic number have the same chemical properties and are said to be the same
Element
Any substance that can’t be broken down into any other substance by ordinary chemical means
element
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass number
What is the smallest atom?
Hydrogen
The ability to do work
Energy
The volume of space around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found
Orbital
The energy levels around an atom
electron shell
How many electrons can an orbital hold
2
In atoms with more than one electron shell, how many orbitals and electrons does the second (and subsequent) shell hold?
4;8
Atom in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons because they have gained or lost one or more electrons
ions
Atoms with same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
isotopes
Atoms that have same atomic number but different atomic mass
isotopes
