Chapter 2

Question 1

Samples

Answer 1

Representative elements of populatok

Question 2

Sampling

Answer 2

Process of selecting representative elements

Question 3

Conditions to be considered during sampling

Answer 3

What is population
Sample size
Sampling methods

Question 4

Target population plus AKA

Answer 4

Population of interested from whom sample is drawn

Reference population
Source population

Question 5

Study population

Answer 5

Subset of target population

Question 6

Study participants plus Aka

Answer 6

Subset of study population from whom data is actually collected
Sample population

Question 7

Sampling frame

Answer 7

List of all elements in target population

Question 8

Sampling fraction plus formula

Answer 8

Ratio of total population to sample size

Question 9

2 types of sampling methods

Answer 9

Probability sampling method

Non probability sampling method

Question 10

Which sampling method to choose depends of presence of

Answer 10

Sampling frame

Question 11

PSM probability sampling method

Answer 11

When sampling frame is available
Random selection and sample is representative
Inference possible

Question 12

5 subtypes of psm

Answer 12

Simple
Systematic
Stratified
Cluster
Multi stage

Question 13

Simple psm plus aka plus steps

Answer 13

Basic
Lottery or draw method

Steps
Find list of target population
Decide on sample size
Apply lottery method

Question 14

Systemic sampling plus aka plus steps

Answer 14

Aka interval sampling

Steps
Find list
Decide sample size
Calculate sampling fraction k
Randomly select any number below k
Select every kth interval

Question 15

Stratified sampling plus steps

Answer 15

Applied when we know the population is heterogenous

Steps
Divide population into strata
Apply stratified sampling formula
njth = n x Njth
————
N
Find separate sampling frame

Question 16

Cluster sampling plus steps

Answer 16

Applied when the population is homogenous to the topic
Doesn’t require sampling frame

Steps
Divide population into clusters
Randomly select clusters
Include all elements of selected cluster

Question 17

Multi stage

Answer 17

When population is too large

Question 18

Non probability sampling

Answer 18

When sampling frame is unavailable
Random selection impossible so generalization impossible

Question 19

5 subdivision of NpSm

Answer 19

Convenience
Volunteer
Judgmental
Quota
Snowball

Question 20

Convenience plus aka

Answer 20

Selection based on access
When resource and time is short
Accidental or haphazard 

Question 21

Volunteer sampling

Answer 21

selection from volunteer population

Question 22

Judgmental sampling

Answer 22

Selection based on the opinion of the researcher also known as purposive sample

Question 23

Quota sampling 

Answer 23

Fixed share or reservation

Question 24

Snowball sampling

Answer 24

selection based on recommendation

Question 25

Errors in research type

Answer 25

Two types sampling error in on sampling error

Question 26

sampling error plus aka 

Answer 26

Error associated with not examining the whole population Random error is minimized by increasing sample size is the difference between true population parameter and sample statistic

Question 27

nonsampling error plus aka

Answer 27

Eaters associated with faulty data collection Biased error Increasing sample size can’t illuminate the error