Chapter 2 Flashcards
Halogens
Fluorine, chlorine , bromine, iodine, and astatine, Griup 7A or 17, reacts with metal to form salts (aggressive reactions and multiple states)
Alkali metal
Reaction forms alkaloids (strong bases) Group 1, Li, Na, K, Rn, Cs, F, reactive, 1 valence
Alkaline earth metal
Group 2, Also react with water create strong bases, reactive, 2 valence electrons,,
Be, Mg, Ca, Arm Ra
Noble gases
Group 8A or 18, Stable, odorless , non flammable, monotone gases that have low chemical reactivity, He, At, Ne, Kr, Xe, Og, Rn
Atomic mass/number (z)
Number of protons
Mass number
protons + #neutrons
Metals
Luster, shine, conductor of heat and electricity (left side) tend to lose electrons in chem change
Nonmetals
Does not exhibit metal characteristics (right and hydrogen ) all states, tend to gain electrons
Metaloids
Both characteristics (staircase thingy)
Cations
Positively charged ion (electron lost)
Anions
Negatively charged (ion gained)
Predicting Ionic charge
Based on valence electrons
Nuclide symbol
A/Z X
A= mass number (protons neutrons)
Z= atomic number
Molecule
Two or more atoms of an element are bonded together
Periods
Horizontal row
Groups
Vertical column
Isotope
Element same number of protons different number of neutrons
Listing Compounds
Metals then nonmetals (typical ionic are metal and non metal)
Ionic compouns
Compound formed by ionic bonding
Polyatomic Ions
Ion composed of more than one atom
Ionic symbol
A/Z X OR X-Z
Fractional abundance (atomic mass)
(Fraction of isotope 00.00 x mass of isotope)
