Chapter 2 Flashcards
What country did Canada follow in regards to public assistance?
ENGLAND
*Canada followed England’s example
In the 19th century, employers were not liable for accidents until _______
1937
In what forms did the earliest versions of social work take? Explain these forms
In the form of private charities and poor relief
Private charities = private individuals and religious organizations that provided material relief to the poor
Poor Relief = “poor laws” made a change from private charities to public welfare as the poor was now the responsibility of each town/village
Explain the distinction between the deserving and undeserving poor
Deserving poor:
- people seen having good moral character and only cannot work through no fault of their own
Undeserving poor:
- people who were seen as lazy or morally degenerate
- not deserving of charity
How do we still see the undeserving poor and deserving poor today?
People who are disadvantaged still must prove that they are “deserving” in social welfare programming today
What was the settlement house movement?
Moving educated middle class youth to live among and help urban (poor) residents
*Major factor in the emergence of social work
Who is Jane Addams?
Considered to be the founder of the social work profession in the US
Leader of the women’s suffrage and world peace movements
Co-founded Hull House in Chicago
Who was the first American women to win the Nobel Peace Prize?
Jane Addams in 1931
What was the Charity Organization Society (COS)?
A London-based charity organization that was created to coordinate the efforts of many different charities
Organized the activities of 640 charites
*The COS was possibly one of the most widespread attempts to help the poor
The history of social work roots demonstrate that the profession was the endeavour of ___________
upper and middle class white women
*racialized people, especially women, were unable to work in the public sector due to racist political policies
Why is it important to recognize the history of social work only being founded by white women?
Recognizing that history makes us realize that racialized women were not UNWILLING to work in the caring professions, but were PROHBITED to do s
Who said “Canada is leaving the country for the city”
JS Woodsworth
(Canadian political reformer)
What were social reformers becoming increasingly appalled by during industrialization?
The exploitation of children & risk to safety in work sites
*think poor houses and poor laws (children were not exempt)
The first five decades of the twentieth century (1900s) were influenced by values related to ____________.
INDIVIDUALISM
*Poverty was still seen as a result of personal failing and NOT a social problem
In what year did the “Turn of the Century” occur?
The 1930s
More shifts towards a societal approach to helping people –> SOCIAL MINIMUM
What is a “social minimum” viewpoint?
A viewpoint that believes a community should ensure that all members have a decent standard of living
What were some of the initial goals of the social minimum movement?
- free public education
- public libraries
- government involvement in the field of public health
What is the scientific philanthropy approach to social work?
A scientific assessment of human behaviour and more systemic ways of finding solutions
A person in need was seen as having an “objective” problem, not a personality flaw
What would the role of a social worker be within a scientific philanthropy approach to social work?
A social workers would help them deal with the objective problem
Would not take into account personal circumstances as much
The idea of “________ charity” spread rapidly to midwestern cities in the US and then to Canada between 1877 and 1920
SCIENTIFIC CHARITY
The scientific philanthropy approach
Casework refers to the use of what 3 systematic methods?
- Investigation
- Assessment
- Decision making
Who was a main influence in modernizing casework
Mary Richmond
She argued that casework technique could provided a “scientific understanding of social dynamics and human behaviour”
Mary Richard’s text: _________ was widely used in training relief workers.
“SOCIAL DIAGNOSIS”
How did the aftermath of WW1 produce social changes in Canada?
Federal government began to take a role in moulding social and economic resources to help those in need
(ex. soldiers returning home)
