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Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

General forms of research

A

scientific
research in humanities
atristic

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2
Q

seeks to explain naturally occurring phenomenon in the natural world by generating credible theories.

A

scientific

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3
Q

-seeks to define the purpose of human existence by tapping into historical facts and future possibilities

A

research in humanities

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4
Q

-generates new knowledge through artisitic practicies such as defining new concepts, creating new processes and devising new methods.

A

artistic

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5
Q

This research design follows a cyclical process. It is pragmatic and solution driven, and any information gathered is used to identify and implement a solution to a problem in the community.

A

action research

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6
Q

This research design explores how a specific change (x) impacts a certain situation (y). Seeks to establish a cause & effect relationship.

A

causal design

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7
Q

This research design answers who, what, when, where and how questions related to a particular research problem. This design is used to obtain information about the present situation to gain an understanding of a certain phenomenon

A

descriptive design

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8
Q

The researcher controls the variables and manipulates them to determine possible effects

A

experimental design

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9
Q

This research focuses on topics or problems which have had little or no studies done about it.

A

exploratory design

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10
Q

This research design identifies a group with common characteristics who are then studies for a period of time.

A

cohort design

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11
Q

This research design looks into a large group of people, composed of individuals with varied characteristics

A

cross sectional design

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12
Q

This research design follows a group of people over a long period of time.

A

longitudinal design

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13
Q

This research design is carried out in stages to gather sufficient data to test the hypothesis. This design combines cohort of cross sectional study as it identifies specific groups for each stage.

A

sequential design

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14
Q

This research design primarily combines qualitative and quantitative research methods to gain a complete picture of the research problem.

A

mixed-method design

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15
Q

characteristic of qualitative research

A

*It is conducted in a systematic and rigorous way.
*It follows an iterative process where data collection and analysis is done simultaneously
*Small samples are used in data gathering
*Collection of data is continuous until saturation

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16
Q

This type of research examines human’s lived experiences through the descriptions provided by the subjects or informants.

A

phenomenological study

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17
Q

This study involves the collection and analysis of data about cultural groups or minorities

A

ethnographic study

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18
Q

In this type of study, the researcher ________ with the people and becomes part of their culture

A

immerses

19
Q

During immersion, the researcher talks to the key persons and personalities called __________ who provide important information for the study.

A

key informants

20
Q

In this type of study, the researcher immerses with the people and becomes part of their culture.
During immersion, the researcher talks to the key persons and personalities called key informants who provide important information for the study.

A

ethnographical study

21
Q

This study is concerned with the identification, location, evaluation, and synthesis of events from the past.

A

historical study

22
Q

Sources of data for a historical study are :

A

*documents
*relics and artifacts
*oral reports

23
Q

Printed materials that can be found in libraries, archives or personal collections

A

documents

24
Q

Physical remains or objects from a certain historical period

A

relics and artifacts

25
Q

Information that is passed on by word of mouth

A

oral reports

26
Q

Data sources are classified as

A

primary sources
secondary sources

27
Q

Materials providing first hand information, e.g. oral histories, written records, diaries, eye witness accounts, pictures, videos and other physical evidence.

A

primary sources

28
Q

Secondhand information such as an account based on an original source or a material written as an abstract of the original materials.

A

secondary resources

29
Q

Validity of materials used in the study are assessed through:

A

internal criticism
external criticism

30
Q

This involves establishing the authenticity or originality of the materials by looking at the consistency of information.

A

internal criticism

31
Q

This is based on the analysis of the material: the ink and the type of paper used, the layout and physical appearance, as well as the age and texture of the material itself.

A

external criticism

32
Q

It is an in-depth examination of an individual, groups of people, or an institution. It also involves a comprehensive ans extensive examination of a particular group or individual over a period of time.

A

case study

33
Q

The method involves comparing collected units of data against one another until categories, properties and hypotheses that state relations between these categories and properties emerge.

A

grounded theory study

34
Q

The main source of data for this type of research are the life accounts of individuals based on their personal experiences.

A

narrative analysis

35
Q

Common types of narrative analysis are:

A

psychological
biographical
discourse analysis

36
Q

This involves analyzing the story in terms of internal thoughts and motivations

A

psychological

37
Q

This takes the individual’s society and factors like gender and class into account.

A

biographical

38
Q

This studies the approach in which language is used in texts and contexts.

A

discourse analysis

39
Q

This type of research seeks to bring about change and empower individuals by describing and critiquing the social, cultural and psychological perspectives on present day contexts.

A

critical qualitative research

40
Q

The approach of this research seeks to analyze the facts that have been established as truths, and the ability of research and science to discover truth

A

post modern research

41
Q

This is used when a researcher is interested in identifying how individuals give meaning to a situation or phenomenon.

A

basic interpretative qualitative research

42
Q

STRENGTHS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH give atleast 3

A

*useful for describing complex phenomena
*it provides individual case information
*issues can be examined in detail and in depth

43
Q

WEAKNESSESS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH give atleast 3

A

*difficult to make quantitative predictions
*data analysis is often time consuming
*inflexibility is more difficult to maintain, assess and demonstrate

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