chapter 2 Flashcards
(49 cards)
cellulose is a fibrous polymer found in
cell walls of plants and algae
chitin is a polymer of glucosamine found in
the cell walls of fungi and exoskeleton of insects
peptidoglycan is a polysaccharide linked to, and functions as
peptide fragments; functions as bacterial cell wall
lipopolysaccharide is a component of
bacterial cells that can infect the liver
glycocalyx is the outer surface
“sugar coating” that aids in attachment
glycogen is a polymer of
glucose and is used for storage until needed in metabolism
matter is all materials that
occupy space and have mass.
matter is composed of
atoms
atom is the simplest form of
matter
chnops
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur
atomic # is the number of
protons
mass number is the
number of protons and neutrons
orbitals
volumes of space surrounding the nucleus
molecule is two or more
atoms combined
compound is a combination of 2 or more
different elements
covalent bonds are electrons that are
shared
polar bonds have
unequal sharing
ionic bonds are electrons that are
transferred
hydrophilic molecules
dissolve in water
hydrophobic molecules
repel water
amphipathic molecules
have both philic and phobic properties
macromolecules
large compounds formed by smaller subunits
monomer is a
repeating subunit
polymer is a
chain of monomers
