Chapter 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What does it mean if the scalar product of two vectors A . B = 0?
The two vectors A and B are perpendicular to each other.
How is the vector product (or cross product) of two vectors defined?
It is defined as another vector that is perpendicular to both of the original vectors.
What is angular velocity?
Angular velocity is the rate of change of angular displacement.
What is the unit of angular velocity?
The unit of angular velocity is radians per second.
Define angular displacement.
Angular displacement is the angle subtended by a particle about the axis of rotation.
What is the relationship between angular displacement and radius?
Angular displacement θ = s/r, where s is the arc length and r is the radius.
What is the scalar product (or dot product) of two vectors?
It is defined as the product of the magnitudes of the two vectors and the cosine of the angle between them.
What is one radian in degrees?
1 radian is approximately 57.295 degrees.
Define a scalar and give examples.
A scalar is a physical quantity described only by magnitude. Examples include distance, mass, and time.
Define a vector and give examples.
A vector is a physical quantity described by both magnitude and direction. Examples include force and velocity.
What is the difference between distance and displacement?
Distance is the actual path travelled by an object, while displacement is the difference between the final and initial positions.
What is a Cartesian coordinate system?
A Cartesian coordinate system is defined by coordinates (x, y, z) that describe the position of an object.
What is the condition for two vectors A and B to be mutually orthogonal?
The vectors A and B are mutually orthogonal if the angle between them is 90°.
What is the difference between displacement and distance?
Distance is the actual path length travelled by an object in a given interval of time.
Displacement is the difference between the final and initial positions of the object in a given interval of time.
Define velocity.
Velocity is equal to the rate of change of position vector with respect to time.
The formula is v = dr/dt.
Define a radian.
One radian is the angle subtended at the center of a circle by an arc that is equal in length to the radius of the circle.
1 rad = 57.295° (or) 1 rad = 180°.
What is the difference between velocity and average velocity?
Velocity is the rate of change of displacement in a given direction, while average velocity is defined as the rate of the displacement vector to the corresponding time interval.
Define angular displacement.
The angle described by a particle about the axis of rotation in a given time is called angular displacement.
The unit of angular displacement is radian.
Define angular velocity.
The rate of change of angular displacement is called angular velocity.
The unit of angular velocity is radian per second.
Define velocity and speed.
Velocity is the rate of change of displacement in a given direction (vector quantity).
Speed is the distance travelled in unit time (scalar quantity).
Define acceleration.
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
It is a vector quantity with SI unit m/s².
What is non-uniform circular motion?
Non-uniform circular motion is when the velocity changes in both speed and direction during the circular motion.
Write down the kinematic equations for angular motion.
1) θ = ω₀t + ½αt²
2) ω = ω₀ + αt
3) θ = ωt - ½αt²
4) ω² = ω₀² + 2αθ.
Write down the expression for angle made by resultant acceleration and radius vector in non-uniform circular motion.
The angle is given by tan(θ) = (v²/r).
Where v is the velocity and r is the radius.
