Chapter 2 Flashcards
A neurotransmitter involved in learning, memory, and muscle activation.
Acetylcholine (Ach)
Brain region involved in emotions, especially fear and memory.
Amygdala
Long nerve fibers that transmit signals away from the neuron.
Axons
Group of brain structures involved in movement and reward processing.
Basal Ganglia
Brain area responsible for coordination, balance, and fine motor control.
Cerebellum
Branch-like structures that receive signals from other neurons.
Dendrites
Brain region for decision-making, problem-solving, and voluntary movement.
Frontal Lobe
Critical for memory formation and spatial navigation.
Hippocampus
Regulates hunger, thirst, temperature, and other homeostatic functions.
Hypothalamus
Processes visual information.
Occipital Lobe
Integrates sensory information like touch, temperature, and spatial awareness.
Parietal Lobe
Involved in hearing, language processing, and memory.
Temporal Lobe
Relay center for sensory information to the brain.
Thalamus
Neurotransmitter associated with reward, motivation, and movement.
Dopamine
A major excitatory neurotransmitter, critical for learning and memory.
Glutamate (Glu)
A major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
GABA
Neurotransmitter involved in alertness and the stress response.
Norepinephrine
Electrical signal that travels along an axon to communicate information.
Action Potential
Process of stabilizing and strengthening a memory.
Consolidation
Updating and restabilizing a memory after retrieval.
Reconsolidation
Strengthening of synaptic connections, key to learning and memory
Long-Term Potentiation (LTP)
Weakening of synaptic connections, important for synaptic plasticity.
Long-Term Depression (LTD)
Strengthening of connections at the synapse shortly after learning.
Synaptic Consolidation
Imaging technique using X-rays to create detailed brain images.
Computer-Assisted Tomography (CT)
