Chapter 2

Question 1

energy =

Answer 1

work capacity (mechanical energy)

Question 2

other types of energy include

Answer 2

chemical and heat energy

Question 3

calorie

Answer 3

energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1ºC

Question 4

joules

Answer 4

energy required to move a mass of 1g at a velocity of 1m/s

Question 5

1 cal = __ J

Answer 5

4.186

Question 6

first law of thermodynamics : conservation of energy

Answer 6

within a closed system, energy is neither created nor destroyed
transformed from one type to another

Question 7

energy efficiency in humans

Answer 7

20% of all E produced is for movement/work

Question 8

remaining 80% of energy produced?

Answer 8

maintains homeostasis = heat

Question 9

what processes produce ATP

Answer 9

creatine phosphate
anaerobic glycolysis
oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

conditions for REE measurement

Answer 10

• resting in supine position > 30 min before
• fasting> 12h
• no exercise for > 24-48h
• no caffeine >4h
• no nicotine >1h
• no alcohol >48h
• darkened, quiet, thermoneutral environment
• normal acid-base balance

Question 11

RER >1.0

Answer 11

lipogenesis: RER = 5.6
hyperventilation

Question 12

other ways to measure/estimate EE

Answer 12

• HR monitoring
• activity records
• energy equations
• accelerometer/wearable devices

Question 13

estimating energy intake: frequently used methods

Answer 13

• 24h recall
• food frequency questionnaires
• food diary

Question 14

self reported food intake

Answer 14

accurate recording is needed
- portion sizes must be estimated correctly
- food intake is typically underestimated
- errors in data entry can occur

Question 15

Resting metabolism accounts for about __ of a ___ person’s daily energy expenditure

Answer 15

70%
sedentary

Question 16

Thermic effect of food accounts for __

Answer 16

10%

Question 17

physical activity accounts for __

Answer 17

20%