Chapter 2 Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is culture?
Culture is a way of life shared by members of a society that shapes how we act, think, and feel.
How does culture relate to human survival?
Culture is a human trait that evolved as our primary strategy for survival, replacing biological instincts.
What is culture shock?
Culture shock is personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life.
What is nonmaterial culture?
Nonmaterial culture consists of the ideas created by members of a society.
What is material culture?
Material culture refers to the physical things created by members of a society.
What defines a society?
A society is a group of people who interact in a defined territory and share a culture.
What are symbols in culture?
Symbols are words, gestures, and actions that express meaning within a culture.
What role does language play in culture?
Language is the symbolic system that allows people in a culture to communicate and transmit culture across generations.
What are values in culture?
Values are abstract standards of what ought to be, guiding social living.
What are beliefs in culture?
Beliefs are specific statements that people within a culture hold to be true.
What are norms?
Norms are rules and expectations that guide the behavior of society’s members.
What are mores?
Mores are norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
What are folkways?
Folkways are norms for routine or casual interaction.
What is social control?
Social control refers to attempts by society to regulate people’s thoughts and behavior.
How does technology shape culture?
Culture is shaped by technology, which develops through stages of sociocultural evolution.
What is technology in the context of culture?
Technology is the knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings.
What is bunting and gathering?
The use of simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation for food.
What is horticulture?
The use of hand tools to raise crops.
What is pastoralism?
The domestication of animals.
What is aoriculture?
Large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful energy sources.
What is industry?
The production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery.
What is postindustrialism?
The production of information using computer technology.
What is cultural diversity?
The variety of cultural differences in society.
What contributes to cultural diversity in society?
Our country’s history of immigration.
