Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Human Geography > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

Population (66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is Agricultural Density?

A

Number of Farmers / arable land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Arable Land

A

Land suitable for farming/agriculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does Physiological Density measure?

A

Population of a region / arable (farmable) land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is Arithmetic Population Density calculated?

A

Population of a region divided by total land area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What disease is characterized by severe loss of cellular immunity?

A

AIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Baby Boom?

A

Temporary marked increase in the birth rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a Cartogram?

A

A map in which some mapping variable is substituted for land area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Census

A

A complete count of a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the Child Mortality Rate indicate?

A

Total number of child deaths per 1,000 live births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are Chronic Diseases?

A

A long-lasting disease that can’t generally be prevented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the Crude Birth Rate?

A

Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people in the society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Crude Death Rate

A

Total number of deaths per 1,000 people in a society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Dependency Ratio?

A

Number of people too young or too old to work compared to workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define a Developed Country

A

A country that has progressed further along in development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Developing Country?

A

A country making some progress toward development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Doubling Time?

A

Number of years needed to double the population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does Ecumene refer to?

A

The areas of earth occupied by human settlement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Epidemiology?

A

Branch of medical science concerning diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was the Industrial Revolution?

A

Time during the 19th century with major improvements in manufacturing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are Infant Mortality Rates?

A

Annual number of deaths of infants (one and under) compared to live births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are Less Developed Countries (LDC)?

A

Non-industrialized/poor countries, Stage two, early three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define Life Expectancy

A

Average number of years an infant can expect to live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who is Thomas Malthus?

A

An English economist who argued that population increase outpaces food production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Malthusian Theory?

A

The theory that population grows faster than food supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What was the Medical Revolution?
Time during the late 20th century when medical technology diffused to developing countries
26
What are More Developed Countries?
Industrialized countries, Stage 4/5
27
What is the Natural Increase Rate?
Percent a population grows in a year
28
Who are Neo-Malthusians?
People who believe in Malthusian Theory and that population outstrips resources
29
What is Physical Population Density?
The number of people supported by a unit of arable land
30
Define Population Density
Measurement of population per area or unit
31
What is Population Distribution?
Pattern of where people live and how they are spread out
32
What does Population Explosion refer to?
A sudden large increase in the population size
33
What are Population Pyramids?
Country's distinctive population shown on a bar graph with males on the left
34
What are Anti-Natalist Policies?
Government policies to reduce the rate of natural increase
35
What are Pro-Natalist Policies?
Government policies to increase the rate of natural increase
36
Define Sex Ratio
Number of males per 100 females
37
What is the Stationary Population Level?
Level at which national population ceases to grow
38
What is Total Fertility Rate?
Average number of children a woman will have during her 'birthing' years
39
What is Zero Population Growth?
When the CBR and the CDR are equal and the NIR approaches zero
40
Define Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
41
What does Over-Population mean?
When the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment
42
What is Population Concentration?
An area where people are most dense, including East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe
43
What is the Demographic Transition Model?
A model that demonstrates the shift in population growth throughout time
44
Describe Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Low Growth: Pre-industrial society with High CBR, High CDR, and Zero NIR
45
Describe Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
High Growth: Industrializing society with stable CBR, declining CDR, and rapid NIR increase
46
Describe Stage 3 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Decreasing growth: Industrializing society with declining CBR, continuing decline in CDR, and moderating NIR
47
Describe Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Low Growth: Modern industrialized country with low CBR, low CDR, and virtually no NIR
48
Describe Stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Modern industrialized country with very low CBR, increasing CDR, and negative NIR
49
What has contributed to Declining Birth Rates?
Education, Health care, and Contraceptives
50
What are Malthus's Critics concerned about?
Malthusian beliefs are considered unrealistically pessimistic and based on fixed resources
51
Who are Implosionists?
Population theorists who believe declining fertility rates indicate a corner turned on population growth
52
Who are Explosionists?
Population theorists who believe rapid population growth will continue for decades
53
What does the Epidemiologic Transition Model (ETM) highlight?
Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
54
What is Stage 1 of the Epidemiologic Transition Model (ETM)?
Pestilence and Famine (high CDR), infectious and parasitic diseases are principal causes of death
55
What is Stage 2 of the Epidemiologic Transition Model (ETM)?
Receding Pandemics (rapidly declining CDR), results from overcrowding
56
What is Stage 3 of the Epidemiologic Transition Model (ETM)?
Degenerative/Chronic Diseases (moderately declining CDR), increase in chronic disorders
57
What is Stage 4 of the Epidemiologic Transition Model (ETM)?
Delayed Degenerative Diseases (low but increasing CDR), life expectancy extended through medical advances
58
What is Stage 5 of the Epidemiologic Transition Model (ETM)?
Reemergence of infectious diseases thought to be eradicated or controlled
59
List the three reasons for stage 5 of the ETM
* Evolution: infectious diseases evolve resistance to drugs * Poverty: prevalence of diseases in poor areas * Increased Connections: greater spreading of disease through contact
60
What is epidemiology concerned with?
The incidence, distribution, and control of diseases
61
What is a Vector?
Transmitted by an intermediary or vector that has contact with both host and victim
62
What is Non-Vector transmission?
Transmitted by direct contact between host and victim
63
Define Endemic
A disease that prevails over a small area
64
What is an Epidemic?
A disease that spreads over a large region
65
What is a Pandemic?
A disease that prevails globally and affects a very high proportion of the population
66
What are the two indicators of health?
* Infant mortality rate (IMR) * Life expectancy

AP Human Geography (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions