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AP Psych > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Biological psychology

A

Study the link between biological activity and psychological events understanding sleep hunger sex dreams depression stress

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1
Q

Phrenology

A

Bumps on the head said to know the abilities

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2
Q

Neuron

A

Consists of a cell body and it’s branching fibers nerve cell- basic building blocks of nervous systems

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3
Q

Dendrite

A

Receive info and send toward cell body LISTENER BUSHY EXTENSIONS

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4
Q

Axon

A

SPEAKER EXTENSIONS pass info or message to others neurons and muscles and glands

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5
Q

Myelin sheath

A

FATTY TISSUES insulates the axons of some neurons and helps speed up their impulses

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6
Q

Actions potential

A

Brief electrical charge that travels down the axon

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7
Q

Threshold

A

Combined signals trigger actin potential

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8
Q

Synapse (synaptic gap)

A

Gap between axon terminal sending and receiving axon

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9
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messengers released by actin potential reaches knoblike terminal

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10
Q

Ach acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitters that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contractions

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11
Q

Endorphins

A

Morphine within natural opiates

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12
Q

Nervous system

A

Electrochemical information network

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13
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Links CNS w/ body’s sense receptors, muscles, and glands

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15
Q

Nerves

A

Neural cables containing many axons connect cns- pns

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16
Q

Sensory neurons

A

Neurons that carry incoming into from the sense receptors too CNS

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17
Q

Motor neurons

A

Carry out going info CNS to muscles and glands

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18
Q

Inter neurons

A

CNS neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

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19
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Enable voluntary control of our skeletal muscles

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20
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Controls the glands and the muscles of our internal organs

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21
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Arouses heartbeat and blood pressure

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22
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Produces opposite effects lowers blood

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23
Q

Reflex

A

Automatic response to stimuli

24
Q

Lesions

A

Tissue destruction

25
Q

Neural networks

A

Interconnected neural cells

26
Q

Endocrine system

A

Body slows chemical communication system, a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

27
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers

28
Q

Adrenal glands

A

On top of the kidneys release adrenaline

29
Q

Pituitary glands

A

Hormones that influence growth, pea sized structure in brain controlled by hypothalamus

30
Q

EEG

A

An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brains surface

31
Q

PET scan

A

Measure of Glucose sugar dog bad

32
Q

MRI

A

Head is put in a strong magnetic field that aligns the spinning atoms

33
Q

fMRI

A

Function of brain

34
Q

Brain stem

A

Central core begins where spinal cord enters the skull responsible for automatic survival functions

35
Q

Medulla

A

Base of the brain stem controls heartbeat and breathing

36
Q

Reticular formation

A

Nerve network that plays an important role in controlling arousal

37
Q

Thalamus

A

Brains sensory switchboard

38
Q

Hippocampus

A

Stores memories

39
Q

Cerebellum

A

The little brain rear of brain stem processing sensory input and coordinating MOVEMENT AND BALANCE

40
Q

Limbic system

A

Doughnut shaped neural system

41
Q

Amygdala

A

Aggression and fear Amy give me a dala or I’ll be mad.

42
Q

Hypothalamus

A

A neural structure that directs several maintenance activities linked to emotion

43
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres INFO PROCESSING CENTER

44
Q

Glial cells

A

Cells in the nervous system that support nourish and protect neurons

45
Q

Frontal lobes

A

Portion of the cerebral cortex lying behind the forehead

46
Q

Occipital lobes

A

Back of head vision

47
Q

Parietal lobes

A

Touch and body position

48
Q

Temporal lobes

A

Auditory

49
Q

Motor cortex

A

Controls movement

50
Q

Sensory cortex

A

Registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

51
Q

Association areas

A

Not involved in motor or sensory functions, learning remembering thinking and speaking

52
Q

Aphasia

A

Impaired language

53
Q

Broca’s area

A

Language expression and muscle movement

54
Q

Wernickes area

A

Language reception comprehension and expression

55
Q

Plasticity

A

Brains capacity of modification

56
Q

Corpus collosum

A

Large band of fibers connecting brain hemispheres

57
Q

Split brain

A

Condition in which the 2 hemispheres are isolated by cutting the connects fibers between them.

AP Psych (11 decks)

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