Chapter 4

Question 0

Zygote

Answer 0

The fertilized egg. 2 weeks after conception

Question 1

Developmental psychology

Answer 1

A branch of psychology that studies physical cognitive and social change throughout the life span.

Question 2

Embryo

Answer 2

The developing human organism 2 weeks after fertilization. 2nd month

Question 3

Fetus

Answer 3

9 weeks after conception to birth. Unborn

Question 4

Teratogens

Answer 4

Agents such as chemicals and viruses that can reach the embryo or fetus and cause harm

Question 5

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 5

Facial disfiguration occurs when alcohol is consumed while pregnant. Cognitive abnormalities

Question 6

Rooting reflex

Answer 6

And infant when touched on the cheek will turn toward touch to suck and attach to nipple.

Question 7

Habituation

Answer 7

Decreasing representativeness with repeated stimulation. Not interested in toys for very long.

Question 8

Maturation

Answer 8

Biological growth process that enable orderly changes in behavior relatively uninfluenced by experiences.

Question 9

Jean Piaget

Answer 9

Created developmental psych by testing his own kids.

Question 10

Schema

Answer 10

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets info. ( candy bar to German candy)

Question 11

Assimilation

Answer 11

Interpreting ones new experiences in terms of ones existing schemas.

Question 12

Accommodation

Answer 12

Adapting ones current understanding to incorporate new information.

Question 13

Cognition

Answer 13

All the mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating.

Question 14

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 14

In piagets theory the stage from birth to 2 yrs during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.

Question 15

Object permanence

Answer 15

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived.

Question 16

Preoperational stage

Answer 16

2-6/7 yrs old children learn to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.

Question 17

Conservation

Answer 17

The principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

Question 18

Egocentrism

Answer 18

children do not have other perspective besides their own. Can’t understand why you won’t give all your attention to them.

Question 19

Theory of mind

Answer 19

People’s ideas about their own mental states.

Question 20

Autism

Answer 20

Disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others states of mind.

Question 21

Concrete operational stage

Answer 21

Stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events.

Question 22

Formal operational stage

Answer 22

Stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts.

Question 23

Stranger anxiety

Answer 23

Scared of strangers. Young age.

Question 24

Attachments

Answer 24

An emotional tie with another person

Question 25

Insecure attachment

Answer 25

Bond between adult and infant. Adult fails to respond to basic need causing infant to be anxious or angry.

Question 26

Critical period

Answer 26

An optimal period shortly after birth where an organisms exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development.

Question 27

Imprinting

Answer 27

Process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life.

Question 28

Basic trust

Answer 28

A sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy, said to be formed during infancy.

Question 29

Self concept

Answer 29

A sense of ones identity and personal worth.

Question 30

Adolescence

Answer 30

Transition period between childhood and adulthood puberty- independence.

Question 31

Puberty

Answer 31

Period of sexual maturation.

Question 32

Primary sex traits

Answer 32

Things that make reproduction possible. Genitals

Question 33

Secondary sex traits

Answer 33

Non reproductive sex traits hips chest hair boobs abs

Question 34

Lawrence kohlberg

Answer 34

Sought to describe the development of moral reasoning

Question 35

Preconventional morality

Answer 35

Before age 9 first stage of moral reasoning for self interest. They obey to avoid punishment or gain concrete rewards

Question 36

Conventional mortality

Answer 36

Caring for other and upholding laws and social rules.

Question 37

Postconventional morality

Answer 37

Agreeing upon basic right and principles set by ones self.

Question 38

Menarche

Answer 38

First menstrual period.

Question 39

Erik Erikson

Answer 39

Thought each stage of life has its own psychological tasks, a crisis that needs resolution.

Question 40

Identity

Answer 40

Ones sense of self.

Question 41

Intimacy

Answer 41

Ability to form relationships

Question 42

Menopause

Answer 42

The time of natural cessation of menstruation.

Question 43

Alzheimer's disease

Answer 43

Progressive and irreversible disease characterized by gradual memory deterioration

Question 44

Cross sectional study

Answer 44

A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another.

Question 45

Longitudinal study

Answer 45

Research in which the same people are rests died and re tested

Question 46

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 46

Ones accumulated knowledge and verbal skills

Question 47

Fluid intelligence

Answer 47

Ones ability to reason speedily and abstractly

Question 48

Social clock

Answer 48

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage parenthood.

Question 49

Mary ainsworth

Answer 49

Assisted jean Piaget in studies of development. Early emotional attachment.