Chapter 2

Question 0

Hydrophilic

Answer 0

Describes a substance that dissolves easily in water.

Question 1

Base

Answer 1

Substance that accepts hydrogen ions in water.

Question 2

Tracer

Answer 2

Substance with a detectable component, such as a molecule, labeled with a radioisotope.

Question 3

Electron

Answer 3

Negatively charged subatomic particle that occupies orbitals around an atomic nucleus.

Question 4

Isotopes

Answer 4

Forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons their atoms carry.

Question 5

Free Radical

Answer 5

Atom with an unpaired electron.

Question 6

Nucleus (atom)

Answer 6

Core of an atom; occupied by protons and neutrons.

Question 7

Covalent Bond

Answer 7

Chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of electrons.

Question 8

Electronegativity

Answer 8

Measure of the ability of an atom to pull electrons away from other atoms.

Question 9

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 9

Attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate covalent bond.

Question 10

Mixture

Answer 10

An intermingling of two or more types of molecules.

Question 11

Solvent

Answer 11

Substance that can dissolve other substances.

Question 12

Solution

Answer 12

Homogeneous mixture.

Question 13

Chemical Bond

Answer 13

An attractive force that arises between two atoms when their electrons interact.

Question 14

Acid

Answer 14

Substance that releases hydrogen ions in water.

Question 15

Shell Model

Answer 15

Model of electron distribution in an atom.

Question 16

Temperature

Answer 16

Measure of molecular motion.

Question 17

Salt

Answer 17

Ionic compound that releases ions other then H+ and OH- when it dissolves in water.

Question 18

Solute

Answer 18

A dissolved substance.

Question 19

Proton

Answer 19

Positively charged subatomic particle that occurs in the nucleus of all atoms.

Question 20

Neutron

Answer 20

Uncharged subatomic particle in the atomic nucleus.

Question 21

Ionic Bond

Answer 21

Chemical bond that consists of a strong mutual attraction between ions of opposite charge.

Question 22

Mass Number

Answer 22

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an element’s atoms.

Question 23

Radioactive Decay

Answer 23

Process by which atoms of a radioisotope emit energy and/or subatomic particles when their nucleus spontaneously disintegrates.

Question 24

Element

Answer 24

A pure substance that consists only of atoms with the same number of protons.

Question 25

Hydrophobic

Answer 25

Describes a substance that resists dissolving in water.

Question 26

Ion

Answer 26

Atom that carries a charge because it has an unequal member of protons and electrons.

Question 27

Polarity

Answer 27

Separation of charge into positive and negative regions.

Question 28

Evaporation

Answer 28

Transition of a liquid to a gas.

Question 29

Concentration

Answer 29

The number of molecules or ions per unit volume of a solution.

Question 30

pH

Answer 30

A measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a fluid.

Question 31

Compound

Answer 31

Molecule that has atoms of more than one element.

Question 32

Cohesion

Answer 32

Property of a substance that aries from the tendency of its molecules to resist separating from one another.

Question 33

Charge

Answer 33

Electrical property. Opposite charges attract, and like charges repel.

Question 34

Buffer System

Answer 34

Set of chemicals that can keep the pH of a solution stable by alternatively donating and accepting ions that contribute to pH.