Chapter 2 & 3

Question 1

Direct mover

Answer 1

Agonist

Question 2

Opposite side; slows down the movement

Answer 2

Antagonist

Question 3

Assists with performing the movement indirectly

Answer 3

Synergist

Question 4

A semirigid or rigid body that when given force with a line of action not passing the pivot point, puts force to an object that stops its tendency to rotate.

Answer 4

Lever

Question 5

Muscle force and the force of resistance act on the opposite side of the fulcrum. Tricep extension or goodmorning

Answer 5

1st Class lever

Question 6

Weight is located between the axis and the force applied. Calf raises or wheelbarrow

Answer 6

Second class lever

Question 7

Most common lever. Force is applied between both the resistance and the axis

Answer 7

3rd Class lever

Question 8

What happens when tendon is inserted farther away from the joint?

Answer 8

• Should be able to lift heavier weights because of the longer moment arm.
• Will be a loss in the speed of movement because of the need for more contractions

Question 9

Splits the body into left and right. Movements are front and back

Answer 9

Sagittal plane

Question 10

Splits the body into front and back halves. Movements are side to side

Answer 10

Frontal plane

Question 11

Splits the body into a top and a bottom. Movement are twisting

Answer 11

Transverse Plane

Question 12

What are the sources of resistance to muscular contractions? (5)

Answer 12

1. Gravity
2. Inertia
3. Friction
4. Fluid resistance
5. Elasticity

Question 13

The downward force on objects from gravity, known as the weight of the object

Answer 13

Gravity

Question 14

When a weight is accelerated

Answer 14

Inertia

Question 15

Moving an object that is against another object

Answer 15

Friction

Question 16

Moving through a liquid or gas

Answer 16

Fluid resistance

Question 17

The further you stretch something that is elastic, the more resistance it has

Answer 17

Elasticity

Question 18

Muscle is shortening

Answer 18

Concentric

Question 19

Muscle in lengthening

Answer 19

Eccentric

Question 20

Muscle doesn’t change its length at all

Answer 20

Isometric

Question 21

How does intra-abdominal pressure work when lifting?

Answer 21

Deep torso muscles and the diaphragm contract which creates pressure within the abdominal cavity. The pressure supports the vertebral column during resistance training. Weight belts can increase intra-abdominal pressure

Question 22

What reduces risk for injuries while resistance training?

Answer 22

1. warm-up with lighter weights (knee and should prove to be two of the most important joints to warm-up
2. Don’t ignore pain in or around any joints
3. Take care when adding in plyometric drills
4. Exercise within full range of motion
5. Use light weight when try new exercises or return from extended time off
6. Never lift max loads without gradually working up to it

Question 23

What does ATP stand for and what is it composed of?

Answer 23

Adenosine triphosphate (one adenosine and 3 phosphate groups)

Question 24

What is adenosine made up of?

Answer 24

Adenine (nitrogen) and ribose (5 carbon sugar)

Question 25

Breakdown of one ATP molecule for the yield of energy

Answer 25

Hydrolysis

Question 26

What are the energy pathways

Answer 26

1. Phosphagen 2. Glycolysis 2. Oxidative

Question 27

Short term and high intensity activities present for the beginning of all exercise

Answer 27

Phosphagen

Question 28

Used as an energy reserve for rapid replenishment of ATP

Answer 28

Creatine

Question 29

Concentrations of products, reactants, or both, within a solution will drive the direction of the reactants

Answer 29

Law of mass action

Question 30

Energy system that breaks down carbs

Answer 30

Glycolysis

Question 31

What is the end product of glycolysis

Answer 31

Pyruvate

Question 32

Pyruvate can be converted into what?

Answer 32

lactate or taken to the mitochondria

Question 33

What happens when is pyruvate is converted into lactate?

Answer 33

The cori cycle will be used to take the lactate to the liver via blood and convert again to glucose

Question 34

What happens when pyruvate is converted to the mitochondria?

Answer 34

Go to the krebs cycle and we concvert to Acetyl-CoA and make NADH.

Question 35

Main source of ATP when at rest or exercising at lower intensities

Answer 35

Oxidative

Question 36

This energy system relies on carbs and fats to resynthesize ATP

Answer 36

Oxidative

Question 37

0-6 seconds and extremely high intensity

Answer 37

Phosphagen

Question 38

6-30 second and very high intensity

Answer 38

phosphagen and fast glycolysis

Question 39

30 second-2 minutes and high intensity

Answer 39

Fast glycolysis

Question 40

2-3 minutes and moderate intensity

Answer 40

Fast glycolysis and oxidative

Question 41

More than 3 minutes and low intensity

Answer 41

Oxidative

Question 42

Needed to replenish the levels of oxygen in the blood

Answer 42

EPOC (Excess postexercise oxygen consumption)

Question 43

Three types of training?

Answer 43

1. Interval 2. High intensity Interval 3. Combination

Question 44

Predetermined exercise and rest intervals

Answer 44

Interval training

Question 45

Briefs periods of all out exercise with some intermittent recovery times

Answer 45

High intensity interval training

Question 46

Aerobic endurance to anaerobic athlete training for enhanced recovery

Answer 46

Combination training

Question 47

What training is the most effective way to improve athletic performance?

Answer 47

High intensity interval training

Question 48

What training may result in overtraining?

Answer 48

Combination training